Karakteristik Penderita Stroke Hemoragik Pada Usia ≤ 40 Tahun yang Dirawat Inap di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2014-2015
ABSTRAK
Stroke merupakan gangguan peredaran darah di otak akibat tersumbat atau
pecahnya pembuluh darah. Stroke dibagi menjadi 2 berdasarkan patologisnya
yaitu stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik. Dari seluruh jumlah kasus stroke, 80%
menderita stroke iskemik dan 20% menderita stroke hemoragik. Stroke
merupakan penyebab kematian utama di Indonesia.
Untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita stroke hemoragik yang dirawat
inap, dilakukan penelitian di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan dengan desain case
series. Populasi dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 101 orang pada tahun 2014-2015
yang tercatat di rekam medis rumah sakit. Data univariat dianalisis secara
deskriptif sedangkan data bivariat dianalisis dengan chi-square, fisher exact dan
mann whitney.
Proporsi berdasarkan sosiodemografi tertinggi laki-laki pada umur 26-35
tahun 19,8% dan tertinggi perempuan pada umur 36-40 tahun 9,9%, tamat SLTA
48,5%, Islam 70,3%, wiraswasta 33,7%, luar kota Medan 80,2%, belum kawin
50,5%. Proporsi berdasarkan status rawatan tertinggi kedasaran menurun dan
kejang 72,3%, hemiparesis dextra 43%, hipertensi 37,6%, Perdarahan
Intraserebral (PIS) 67,3%, hemifer serebri 25,7%, tindakan konservatif 78%, lama
rawatan rata-rata 8,06 hari, bukan biaya sendiri 77,2%, pulang berobat jalan dan
meninggal 39,6%. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara umur dengan hasil
CT-Scan (p=0.441), penatalaksanaan medis berdasarkan hasil CT-Scan (p=0,336),
hasil CT-Scan berdasarkan keadaan sewaktu pulang (p=0,997) dan tindakan medis
berdasarkan keadaan sewaktu pulang (p=0,060).
Penderita yang memiliki riwayat hipertensi untuk melakukan kontrol rutin
serta menerapkan pola hidup sehat. Tindakan medis dan perawatan dilakukan
secara intensif bagi penderita untuk menekan angka kematian. Bagi pihak rekam
medik RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan untuk melengkapi pencatatan data
penderita seperti suku, lokasi perdarahan.
Kata Kunci: Karakteristik penderita, Stroke Hemoragik
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Stroke is a disorder of blood circulation in the brain due to blocked or
rupture of blood vessels. Stroke is divided into two parts based on the
pathological namely, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The entire number of
stroke cases, 80% had ischemic stroke and 20% of stroke hemorrhagic. Stroke is
the main cause of death in Indonesia.
The aims of this study is to determine the characteristic of hemorrhagic
stroke patients in ≤ 40 years old which were hospitalized at RSUP Haji Adam
Malik Medan in 2014-2015. This study is descriptive with case series design.
Population and the sample was 101 people in 2014-2015 which recorded in
hospital medical records. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively while
bivariate data were analyzed by using Chi-Square, Fisher Exact and Mann
Whitney.
The highest proportion based of sociodemographic in the age group 2635 years based on sex of male and in the age group 36-40 year based on sex of
female, senior high school education 48,5%, muslim 70,3%, self employed 33,7%,
lives outside of Medan city 80,2%, not married 50,5%. Proportion based on the
highest treatment status, decreased consciousness 72,3%, hemiparesis dextra
43%, hipertension 37,6%, intracerebral hemorrhage 83,8%, 25,7% cerebral
hemifer, 78% of conservative measures, long maintainability average 8,06 days,
insurance 77,2%, 39,6% of died. There is no difference of the age based on CTScan (p= 0.441), medical measure based on CT-Scan (p= 0,336), CT-Scan based
on stay during the home state (p= 0,997), and medical measure based on stay
during the home state (p= 0,060).
Patients who have a history of hypertension to showed the routine control
and healthy lifestyle. Medical treatment and maintainability for patients was done
intensively to reduce mortality rate. Department of medical records of RSUP Haji
Adam Malik Medan to complete patient data s of stroke patients such as ethnic,
location of bleeding and CT-Scan results.
Keywords: Characteristics of Patient, Stroke Hemorrhagic
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Stroke merupakan gangguan peredaran darah di otak akibat tersumbat atau
pecahnya pembuluh darah. Stroke dibagi menjadi 2 berdasarkan patologisnya
yaitu stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik. Dari seluruh jumlah kasus stroke, 80%
menderita stroke iskemik dan 20% menderita stroke hemoragik. Stroke
merupakan penyebab kematian utama di Indonesia.
Untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita stroke hemoragik yang dirawat
inap, dilakukan penelitian di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan dengan desain case
series. Populasi dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 101 orang pada tahun 2014-2015
yang tercatat di rekam medis rumah sakit. Data univariat dianalisis secara
deskriptif sedangkan data bivariat dianalisis dengan chi-square, fisher exact dan
mann whitney.
Proporsi berdasarkan sosiodemografi tertinggi laki-laki pada umur 26-35
tahun 19,8% dan tertinggi perempuan pada umur 36-40 tahun 9,9%, tamat SLTA
48,5%, Islam 70,3%, wiraswasta 33,7%, luar kota Medan 80,2%, belum kawin
50,5%. Proporsi berdasarkan status rawatan tertinggi kedasaran menurun dan
kejang 72,3%, hemiparesis dextra 43%, hipertensi 37,6%, Perdarahan
Intraserebral (PIS) 67,3%, hemifer serebri 25,7%, tindakan konservatif 78%, lama
rawatan rata-rata 8,06 hari, bukan biaya sendiri 77,2%, pulang berobat jalan dan
meninggal 39,6%. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara umur dengan hasil
CT-Scan (p=0.441), penatalaksanaan medis berdasarkan hasil CT-Scan (p=0,336),
hasil CT-Scan berdasarkan keadaan sewaktu pulang (p=0,997) dan tindakan medis
berdasarkan keadaan sewaktu pulang (p=0,060).
Penderita yang memiliki riwayat hipertensi untuk melakukan kontrol rutin
serta menerapkan pola hidup sehat. Tindakan medis dan perawatan dilakukan
secara intensif bagi penderita untuk menekan angka kematian. Bagi pihak rekam
medik RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan untuk melengkapi pencatatan data
penderita seperti suku, lokasi perdarahan.
Kata Kunci: Karakteristik penderita, Stroke Hemoragik
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Stroke is a disorder of blood circulation in the brain due to blocked or
rupture of blood vessels. Stroke is divided into two parts based on the
pathological namely, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The entire number of
stroke cases, 80% had ischemic stroke and 20% of stroke hemorrhagic. Stroke is
the main cause of death in Indonesia.
The aims of this study is to determine the characteristic of hemorrhagic
stroke patients in ≤ 40 years old which were hospitalized at RSUP Haji Adam
Malik Medan in 2014-2015. This study is descriptive with case series design.
Population and the sample was 101 people in 2014-2015 which recorded in
hospital medical records. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively while
bivariate data were analyzed by using Chi-Square, Fisher Exact and Mann
Whitney.
The highest proportion based of sociodemographic in the age group 2635 years based on sex of male and in the age group 36-40 year based on sex of
female, senior high school education 48,5%, muslim 70,3%, self employed 33,7%,
lives outside of Medan city 80,2%, not married 50,5%. Proportion based on the
highest treatment status, decreased consciousness 72,3%, hemiparesis dextra
43%, hipertension 37,6%, intracerebral hemorrhage 83,8%, 25,7% cerebral
hemifer, 78% of conservative measures, long maintainability average 8,06 days,
insurance 77,2%, 39,6% of died. There is no difference of the age based on CTScan (p= 0.441), medical measure based on CT-Scan (p= 0,336), CT-Scan based
on stay during the home state (p= 0,997), and medical measure based on stay
during the home state (p= 0,060).
Patients who have a history of hypertension to showed the routine control
and healthy lifestyle. Medical treatment and maintainability for patients was done
intensively to reduce mortality rate. Department of medical records of RSUP Haji
Adam Malik Medan to complete patient data s of stroke patients such as ethnic,
location of bleeding and CT-Scan results.
Keywords: Characteristics of Patient, Stroke Hemorrhagic
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara