2.2 Theoretical Framework
The theory of moral-philosophical approach is used as a tool to describe and analyze perfection as the content of Jonathan’s learning process to reach his
achievement of being perfect in flying. To get a deep understanding, the writer uses theory of perfection to analyze Jonathan’s ambition to be perfect in flying.
Therefore, this theory is used to help to figure out what kind of Jonathan’s perfection is in the novelette.
By knowing the content of Jonathan’s learning process to reach his achievement of being perfect in flying that is perfection, it gives the writer a
strong base to begin to study and analyze what and how Jonathan learns to reach his being able to be perfect in flying as his achievement of his life. To do so, the
writer uses theory of psychological approach to describe, analyze and interpret the influence of learning in perfection affects one’s achievement. In order to find the
motive of learning and need for achievement that is to be perfect in flying, the writer also uses theory of learning and theory of need for achievement as a tool to
analyze and answer the second research question of this study that is how learning in perfection affects one’s achievement as reflected in the character of Jonathan
Livingston Seagull. 18
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
This chapter covers three main parts. The first part is the subject of the study. The second part is the approach of the study. Then the third part is the
method of the study. The subject of the study describes the description of the work analyzed and what the work is generally about. The second part reveals the
approach used in analyzing the subject of this study. In the last part, the way taken in analyzing the subject of this study is described.
3.1 Subject of the Study
The subject of this study is Jonathan Livingston Seagull, a fable in novelette, written by Richard Bach with photographs by Russell Munson. First
published in 1970 by Avon Books and it became a favorite on American university campuses. By the end of 1972, over a million copies were in print and
the book reached the top of the New York Times bestseller list where it remained for 38 weeks. Moreover, in 1973 Bachs Jonathan Livingston Seagull inspired the
production of a motion picture of the same title wikipedia. Jonathan Livingston Seagull tells the readers about a seagull learning
about perfection in order to be able to be perfect in flying as his achievement of life. The novelette begins with his passion for flight that makes him banished to a
solitary life on the far cliffs; he is excluded from his flock. Here, the readers can see his change as he learns to solve his fear and doubt; to learn to rely on himself.
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