Instruments and Data Gathering Technique

30 was that the researcher realized that there could be bias in the data collection, analysis and publication phases of this research. The bias might be caused by the researcher’s subjectivity because the researcher had worked in the institution where the research conducted and the unwanted error of the case study database. The researcher interviewed the teacher of MFC 5 program on May 21, 2014 in the interviewee’s home. The researcher also recorded the classroom activities on July 24, 2014 for two hours. The researcher also asked for the lesson plan specimen for that day and the pictures used in the teaching and learning activity. When all of the data gathering process finished, the researcher analyzed the data using interpretational data analysis technique and display the data. As stated in the previous part, the procedure of the data analysis technique began with classifying the data which could be used in the research and which were not. When the data which could be used for the research had been classified, the data distributed in different topics or themes based on the research questions. The aim of this study was to describe the use of pictures to teach English vocabulary for very young learners in MFC 5 program of Alpha English Course Monjali, thus, the data which had been distributed based on its topic was used as the description of the event studied. Based on the data analysis, the researcher drew conclusion in order to describe the use of pictures to teach English vocabulary to very young learners in MFC 5 program of Alpha English Course Monjali Yogyakarta. 31

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the process of data gathering, data display and the conclusion drawing processes. The first part of this chapter describes the process of data gathering and data reduction techniques. The second part of this chapter elaborates the coding scheme and elaborated themes according to the research questions. The third part of this chapter elaborates the conclusions drew based on the data analysis.

A. Data Gathering Process

The researcher used three different data gathering techniques; interview, classroom activity video observation, and document analysis. The reason why the researcher used more than one data source was to be able to have a fuller understanding about the case being studied Bogdan Biklen, 2003. The use of multiple data sources was the first principle of data collection according to Robert K. Yin Yin, 2009; this principle was called triangulation Yin, 2009. In this study, the researcher used data triangulation in order to develop the converging lines of inquiry and address the potential construct validity problems Yin, 2009. In addition to those three sources of data, informal observations were done in the interview and the classroom activity recording day.