61 meanings of those numbers. In interpreting the results, the researcher also used the
results of the interviews to support the results of the questionnaires. And the last was making generalizations. One of the advantages of having survey as the
research design is it allows the researcher to make some generalizations based on findings. Therefore, the results could be used to say the characteristics of the
population.
F. Research Procedure
This section will review the steps taken in conducting this research. Principally, there are seven major steps which were used by the researcher to
complete this study. They include all the process from the planning until the reporting. Those steps are depicted in the following figure.
Figure 3.10 Research Procedure
PLANNING
CHOOSING SAMPLES
COMPOSING QUESTIONNAIRE AND
INTERVIEW
PILOTING AND REVISING COLLECTING DATA
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING DATA
REPORTING
62 The explanations of figure 3.10 are presented as follows.
1. Planning
Planning all the research design was the first step in conducting this study. It was started by constructing the research problems which are the main purposes
of this investigation. There were two major reasons for composing the two research questions: The first reason was based on the researcher’s experiences that
as an ELESP student it is important to find strategies to help the students to comprehend English idioms. Since English is a foreign language for almost
ELESP students, it is more difficult to learn idioms. The second reason was inspired by Rohani, Ketabi, Ta
vakoli’s study. They conducted research to find the strategies to process idioms and the participants were the students of English
language at Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Having read the study, the researcher wanted to conduct the same investigation.
After constructing the research problems, the researcher reviewed some related literature. Having read many books and scientific journals, the researcher
found some theories that can be used as the base to solve the problems besides using some instruments such as questionnaire and interview to collect the data.
Then, designing and developing survey design were important steps in determining the success of this research.
2. Choosing Samples
Before the researcher came to the explanation on how to choose the samples, it was important to determine the population first. The population of this
research was all semester four students of ELESP. Therefore, the samples were 40
63 semester four ELESP students who were considered as the representatives. As it
has been explained in the previous part, the researcher used random sampling in selecting the samples.
3. Composing Questionnaire and Interview
Questionnaire and interview were chosen as the instruments because they were considered as effective ways to collect the data. There were two different
questionnaires used to help the researcher to gather the data. In making the first questionnaire, the researcher used two books containing English idioms to select
25 English idioms and the British National Corpus as the source to find the appropriate contexts for the idioms. The results of the first questionnaire were
used to compose the second questionnaire. The interviews were also conducted to clarify the responses in the questionnaires.
4. Piloting and Revising
This step was the most essential step after constructing questionnaire and interview. Since the results would be the main data for this study, the validity of
the questionnaire and the interview was important. In piloting the first instrument, the researcher assigned some semester four students of ELESP and it was
conducted on Monday, April 8, 2013 at Sanata Dharma University. After that, the researcher made some revisions on the necessary part on Tuesday, April 9, 2013.
Having done so, the instrument was ready to use. The piloting was also conducted for the second questionnaire, it was conducted on Monday, April 22, 2013, and it
was revised on Tuesday, April 23, 2013.
64
5. Collecting Data
Administering questionnaires and conducting interviews were the main ways in gathering the data. However, making the schedule when those steps
would be done was another important thing. The researcher set some important dates to collect the data see table 3.1. Before reporting the results, the researcher
had to translate the data first.
6. Analyzing and Interpreting Data
In this step, the researcher ’s ability to analyze and interpret the data was
highly needed. The numeric results of the questionnaires were presented in the form of tables and charts. However, the researcher had also to be able to describe
the meanings of numbers presented in the percentage. Furthermore, the ability to explain the numbers was also important to make some interpretations. Besides,
the researcher also had to explain the results of the interview. Some statements sometimes were confusing and it was the researcher’s job to make them clear.
7. Reporting
The last step was reporting the findings. Since the researcher used survey research, the results were valid interpretations and generalizations based on the
data. By combining the findings from the two questionnaires and the interviews, reporting result was done.
65
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
