The Scope of the Study The Significance of the Study

5.2 Suggestions

In relations to the conclusions, some constructive points are suggested as the following. 1. It is suggested particularly to the parents of Karonese young generations in Besitang to keep speaking and teaching Karo language to their children, so they can understand and use Karo language in their communication especially in family domain and also sosial interaction among young generations of Karonese to keep maintaining Karo language to the future generations in Besitang. 2. It is suggested to Local government and Language Centre to apply a program of reversing Karo language shift to keep maintaining Karo language by publishing books about Karo language and by encouraging the love of the young generations on the use of Karo language through performing Karonese ceremonies, storytelling competition, writing competition in culture exhibition. 3. It is suggested to other learners and researchers to be more concerned on the research about Karo language since it is very rare to be conducted. It is suggested to the language experts to write more books or references on Karo language. 4. It is suggested to the teachers to introduce the etchnic language to their children and ask them to learn it, because it is very important to maintain the ethnic language as the identity of culture. 64 REFERENCES Bano, K.F. 2010. Characteristics of Language Shift in Two American Hungarian Bilingual Communities. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2. 6-18 Bayer, J.M. 2005. Sociolingusitic Perspectives of Cultures in Transition Indian Tribal Situation.Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics,Vol. 31 No. 2 Bogdan, R.C. Biklen, S.K. 1992. Qualitative Research for Education; Introduction to Theory and Methods 2 nd edn. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Burns, R.B. 1995. Introduction to Research Methods. London: Longman Chin, N.B. Wigglesworth, G. 2007. Bilingualism: An Advanced Resource Book. New York: Routledge Conkline, N. Lourie, M. 1983. A Host of Tongues: Language Communities in the United States. New York: Free Press. Society. Conklin, N.F. Margareth, A.L. 1983. Multilingualism and Language Change. London: The Free Press Collier Macmillan Crystal, D. 1997. English As a Global Language. Cambridge University Press ________. 2003. Language Death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Csilla, B. 2003. Language Shift in Romani – Speaking Communities in Hungary Combining Macro and Micro Interpretations. International Journal of the Sociology Of Language, Vol. III, P. 93 – 102 Denzin, N.K. Lincoln, Y.S. Eds. 1994. Handbook of Qualitative Research. Thousand Oaks : Sage Diamond J, Bellwood P 2003. Farmers and their languages: the first expansions. Science, 300: 597 Downes, W. 2005. Language and Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Fasold, R. 1984. The Sociolinguistics of Society. New York: Basil Blackwell Ferguson, C.A. 1996. Sociolinguistic Perspective. New York : Oxford University Press Fishman, J.A. 1972. The Sociology of language. Massachusetts: Newburry House. ________. 1991. Reversing Language Shift. Clevedon Avon: Multilingual Matters Garvin, P.L.Mathiot,M 1968. The Urbanization of Guarani Language: Problem in Language and Language and Culture. in Fishman, J.A. Ed Reading in Test Sociology of Language. Mounton: Paris-The Hauge. Gunarwan, A. 2004. Kajian Serba linguistic: Untuk Anton Moeliono Pereksa Pereksa Bahasa. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia Holmes, J. 1997. Keeping Tabs on Language Shift in New Zealand : Some Methodological Consideration. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Vol. 18 Issue 1, 1997 ________. 2001. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Pearson Education ________. 2008. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. London: Longman Habtoor, Hussein A. 2012. Language Maintenance and Language Shift among Second Generation Tigrinya-speaking Eritrean Immigrants in Saudi Arabia: Academy Publisher Manufactured in Finland., Theory and Practice in Language Studies Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. Kaban, S. 2011. Karo Language Shift In Medan. Unpublished Thesis: Pasca Sarjana Universitas Negeri Medan: Medan.