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b. Organization
Related to the organization of the composition or text, students should organize thought, argument, and logical well. The whole pattern and shape of the
texts should be clear in order to show the controlled adequacy of organizational skills.
c. Vocabulary
Vocabulary and word choice should deal with the way of the students in using the adequate word to succeed the text meaning presentation.
d. Language Use
In constructing correct sentences that build paragraph, students need to understand grammar accurately. This grammar accuracy is mostly related to the
tense used in a particular genre text.
e. Mechanics
In mechanics, the more accurate the punctuation and spelling the better text will be. If all the aspects of writing are obeyed by a writer, it can be state that
heshe is good in writing skill.
B. Review on Narrative Text
1. Definition of Narrative Text
There are many types of text. The types are classified by their purposes of the piece. Anderson 1997: 8 states that narrative is a piece of text tells a story
and, in doing so, entertains or informs the reader or listener. According to Wiratno 2003: 13, narrative is the media to reconstruct the
past experience about the events or happenings with the sequences on how the events or happenings occurred in the past which is commonly used to amuse and
tell others by reliving the past.
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From two definitions above, it can be concluded that narrative is a text focusing specific participants; its function is to tell stories or past events and
entertain or amuse the readers.
2. Generic Structure of Narrative text
Neo 2005: 2 states that a narrative has a structure, a shape or a pattern. It can be represented graphically in this way.
Climax
Rising action Falling action
Exposition Resolution
That picture is known as the Freitag Triangle.
The idea of the Freitag Triangle is to serve as a kind of blue print or map which can be used to guide us systematically in our writing. The Freitag triangle
consists of: a.
The exposition, it establishes the characters and situation. b.
Rising action, it refers to a series of complication leads to the climax. c.
The climax is the critical moment when problem conflicts demand something to be done about them.
d. Falling action is the moment away from the highest peak of excitement.
e. The resolution consists of the result or outcome.
Derewianka 1990: 32 states that the steps for constructing a narrative are:
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a. Orientation
The writer tells the audience about who the characters in the story are, where the story is taking place, and when the action is happen. Can be a
paragraph, a picture or opening chapter
b. Complication
The story is pushed along by a series of events, during which we usually expect some sort of complication or problem to arise. It just would not be so
interesting if something unexpected did not happen. This complication will involve the main characters and often serves to temporally toward them, for
reaching their goal. Narratives mirror the complications we face in life and tend to reassure us that they are resolvable. Here, the writer tells how the problem arises,
sometimes something unexpected events will happened.
c. Resolution
In a „satisfying‟ narrative, a resolution of the complication is brought about. The complication may be resolved for better or for worse, but it is rarely
left completely unresolved although this is of course possible in certainly types of narrative, which leave us wondering how is the end?. it is the end of the story.
On the other hand, Anderson 1997: 8 states that the steps for constructing a narrative are:
a. Orientation
The readers are introduced to the main characters and possibly some minor characters. Some indication is generally given of where the action is located and
when an action happened.
b. Complication Rising Action
The complication is pushed along by a serious of events, during which we usually expect some sort of complication or problem to arise. It just would not be
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so interesting if something unexpected did not happen. This complication will involve the main characters and oven serves to temporally toward them from
reaching their goal.
c. Sequence of event Climax
This is where the narrator tells how the character reacts to the complication. It includes their feeling and what they do. The event can be told in
chronological order the order in which they happen or with flashback. The audience is given the narrator‟s point of view.
d. Resolution Falling Action
In this part, the implication may be resolved for better or worse, but it is rarely left completely unresolved although this is of course possible in certain
types of narrative which leaves us wondering „How did it end”?
e. Reorientation
It is an optional closure of event.
3. Language Features of Narrative Text
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