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3.4 Method of Analyzing Data
Once the data have been collected, the data analysis comes as the next step of method in this study. The analysis in this research used descriptive method because
its aims are to describe and interpret the phenomena happen in society. Based on Miles and Huberman 1994: 10-11 the data analysis is divided in three concurrent
flow of activities, those are data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawingverification.
a. Data reduction
Data reduction refers to the process of selecting, focusing, simplifying, abstracting, and transforming the data that appear in transcription. Qualitative data
can be reduced and transformed in many ways through selection, summary, paraphrase, and so on. From the data that has been obtained, the writers reduced the
data by selecting important things and discarding the unused. The data were reduced based on the research problems and would be guided by the objective to be achieved.
Thus, the data simplified and abstracted by selecting the utterances considered contain face threatening acts, politeness strategies, and reflect the influence of
sociological variables. The writer also gave code for the date to make the analysis easier. The coding was
based on the guest code and the number of the utterance. The example of the coding was A10, which means it is the conversation with guest A, utterance in turn taking
number 10.
62 b.
Data Display A display is an organized, compressed that permit conclusion drawing and
action. The display includes many types of matrix, graphs, charts, and network. All are designed to assembly organized information into an immediately accessible
compact form so that the analyst can see what is happening and either draw justified conclusion and move on to the next step of analysis. In this step, the writer tabulated,
classified, and explained the FTA occurred and the politeness strategies used by the host based on the theory of Brown and Levinson 1987. Then, the writer analyzed
the sociological variables that influence the realization of politeness strategies. c.
Drawing Conclusion The last step of analysis in this study is drawing conclusion and suggestion. In
this step, the writer drew the conclusion by making interpretation based on the analysis that had been conducted. The writer made interpretation about the FTA
appeared in the host utterance, the politeness used, and also the sociological background that influenced. The last the writer made some suggestion for the other
researchers who wants to conduct the same field of analysis based on the phenomena happened on the analysis.
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CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents finding and discussion. The writer will present the data that were obtained from the transcription of the utterance of the host of talk Indonesia
in interviewing his guests. The data analysis of this chapter is conducted to serve the research problems in chapter I then the data are analyzed based on the theories in
chapter II.
4.1. Finding
This chapter presents the findings which were discussed based on the politeness theory by Brown and Levinson 1987. The data were obtained from three
episodes of “Talk Indonesia” on Metro TV. The data are the utterances of the host
and guests of Talk Indonesia. After conducting the analysis, the writer found face threatening acts occurred
in the conversation between the host and his guests. The face threatening acts found were face threatening acts that threatened both hearers’ and speakers’ negative and
positive face. The face threatening acts which th reatened the hearers’ face was
delivered by the host. While face threatening acts that threatened the speakers’ face
was delivered by the host and the guests.