R Also on the agenda will be promotion of international awareness of
population issues, guidance on population problems, and the adoption of an updated set
of recommendation. MOOD Res
Adj .p F
Pred C Th
Rh Cir place
Exist P Existent
71 In the analysis of clause R above, precisely in the second row, it can be seen that
the clause does not have any subject. The construction ‘Adjunct + Process + Subject’ is only possible when the Process is not Relational or Existential one.
This is suggested by Wales 2001:141 who states that ‘in formal English, especially literary, other verbs than be can be found in that construction’, for
example: There rose in the distance a huge cloud of yellow dust. In the example
the verb is rose, not be.
Clause G, therefore, should have been improved, otherwise the reading text ha-ving it reading text number 71 fails to be a model text.
4.2.3 Report
Most of the analyzed Reports have the requirements of being model texts, they are taken from scientific books such as biology, physics, economics, etc.
which are originally written in English by the native writers. The information about it is derived from the note of reference given below most of these texts.
Their Report elements, the general statement and description, are completely found in all the analyzed texts. Not only those that make them to be
model texts; the choices of lexicogrammar used to realize the meanings of the
clauses deserve them to be so. The participants are generic, such as cheetah, bananas, mangoes, etc.; the description element uses mostly relational process and
simple present tense as they are required for Report. However, when observing thoroughly there is one Report, text number
forty-five 45 that is problematic. The RD and clause analyses are presented below.
RD Analysis
Siberian Tigers Elements Function Realization
General Statement
Stating the Siberian tigers
are the phenomenon
under discussion. Siberian tigers come from the mammal
family. You can find Siberian tigers in the Ammur-Ussuri region of Siberia, also
northern China and Korea.
Description Describing what
the Siberian tigers are like, in
terms of the appearance,
habitat, behavior, food,
etc. Siberian tigers move on four legs, They
look like a big cat with black stripes and an orange and white body. They eat meat.
After a gestation period of 104-106 days, two to four blind cubs are born in the
sheltered den and they suck from their mother who rarely leaves them, except to
the hunt.
45
Clause Analysis A
Siberian tigers come from the mammal family. MOOD Res
S F
C Th Rh
Token Iden Rel P Value
B You can find Siberian tigers in the Ammur-Ussuri region of Siberia, also northern
China and Korea. MOOD Res
S F
Pred C Adjunct of place
Th Rh Act Mat
P Goal Cir.P
C Siberian tigers move on four legs.
MOOD Res S F
C Th Rh
Behaver Beh P
Range D
They look like a big cat with black stripes and an orange .and white body. MOOD Res
S F Pred
C TH Rh
Tok Iden Rel P Value
E They eat meat.
MOOD Res S F
C Th
Rh Behavor Beh
P Range F 1
A
fter a gestation period of 104-106 days, two to four blind cubs are born in the shel
tere d
den
Res MOOD Res
Adjunct S F
Pred Adjunct
Th1 Th2 Rh
Cir T Goal
Mat P Cir P
G 2 + α
and they suck from their mother
MOOD Res
S F
Adj Th1 Th2 Rh
Beh Beh
P Range
H X
who rarely leaves them, except to the hunt. MOOD Res MOOD Res
S M Adj
F C Adjunct
Th1 Th2
Rh Act
Cir m Mat P Goal Cir . cause
Process Clause Percentage Relational A,D
25 Material
B,F, H 37.5
Behavioral C,G,E 37.5
Observing the table of processes used in text 45, 37.5 of the processes are behavioral and 25 , relational. Those two processes are usually used to describe
things, and therefore, they are found in the description element of that text. The description covers the Siberian tigers’ habitat clause B, their behaviour clauses
C, E, F, G, H, and their appearance clause D. Here the use of material processes in clauses B, F, and H also aim at
describing that animal. The implication is that using other processes, out of the suggested ones, in the realization of rhetorical development of a text proves to be
acceptable as long as the aim is for achieving the social purpose of the text. However when observing the text further it is found that two of its clauses
do not maintain their cohesion through thematization organization well. They are found in the first paragraph of the text, as follows.
A Siberian tigers come from the mammal family. B You can find Siberian tigers in the Ammur-Ussuri region of Siberia, also
northern China and Korea. 45
The repetition of the phrase Siberian tigers could actually be avoided if the thematization organization of the text was good.
The Theme You in the second clause could have been replaced by These mammals, so that the second clause becomes These mammals can be found in the
Ammur-Ussuri region of Siberia, also northern China and Korea. This suggests that a model text should maintain the thematization organization in order to
provide cohesion between clauses in the text.
Description
There are three Descriptions which are problematic: texts numbers 7, 60, and 82.
Based on the clause analysis which can be seen in the appendices on pp …. , reading text number eighty-two has the relational process domination, five
out of eight processes used in which text are relational processes. Usually, this process is dominantly used to describe things; it supports the suggestion of genre
given to be correct. In Description, the clauses are used to describe the characteristics of the thing identified in the identification element, in the text is
Spring Garden Apartment. However this text can not be included as a model text, since some of its
clauses are problematic in their realization, such as follows: The first problematic clause is clause A. It is realized as follows:
A
The Spring Garden Apartment Complex offers you and your family country living at its best.
82
The Material Process offers above brings about an indication that the text is not Description; it looks like an advertisement which is used as a descriptive model
text. The writer uses it without considering the purpose, since an advertisements looks like Descriptive. The fact is that an advertisement does not only describe
something but persuades the reader to become interested to try too, therefore, it has more Analytical Exposition characteristics than Description. Analytical
exposition text has a function to persuade the reader that something is the case. The case, here, is Spring Garden Apartment with all its facilities and comforts
which invite the reader to stay in or to buy. The second problem is the realization of two last clauses, clauses G and H,
of that reading text. There are two same Themes in italic bold available successively. These are not appropriate uses of the word-group there are.
G. In addition, there are tennis and basketball courts, two swimming pools, and a play-
ground.
H. There are two parking spaces for each apartment.
82
Observing the meanings of the two clauses, clause H’s meaning has a function as to extend the meaning of clause G. Considering that, it would have been better if
those two clauses were combined into a clause complex, such as: In addition, there are tennis and basket ball courts, two swimming pools, a play
ground, and two parking spaces for each apartment.
Another finding that can be inferred from the above problem is the inappropriate use of an authentic material the note below the text implies that the
text is authentic as a model text. Since every text has its own purpose, when making use of an authentic text, its purpose should be checked and compared to
the purpose of the model text going to be provided. It was done to know whether they are the same. If they were not, the modification should have been done to suit
with the purpose of the text to be provided. The second problematic Description was reading text number seven. The
problem is in the following clause.
You must visit Soho, the city’s current art scene center . MOOD Residue
S F
Pr Complement
7 The finite must that is used in the clause above has an implication that the clause
expresses an absolute persuasion; it should not have been used in Description. Description’s social purpose is to describe a particular place, thing or person.
Describing is not persuading, so it should be neutral. The possible improvement of that clause is: Soho is the city’s current art scene center.
The third Description which is also problematic is reading text number 60, that is in its long first clause complex, such as follows:
A 1 2 +
α
Inland can be found a wealth of geographical variety and in its coastal waters,
Res no MOOD
Res Adj F
Pred Comp
Adjunct Th Rh
Cir: Place
Existential process Existent
Cir:place optimum fishing condition on account of a branch of the tropical warm Kuroshio
current Res
Compl Rh
Existent B
X
that blends with the still, deep waters of the Seto Inland Sea. MOOD Res
S F C Th Rh
Actor Mat
Pro Goal
60 Clause A above has no complete MOOD, it has no subject. Between the adjunct
Inland and the Finite can, there should have been it, otherwise the stretch of words did not construct a clause. The construction ‘Adjunct + Process + Subject’
is only possible when the Process is not Relational or Existential one the explanation is the same as the clause of reading text number 71 on page 133.
With regard to the problem explained above, those three Descriptions, texts numbers 7, 60, and 82 cannot be included as model texts.
4.2.5 Commentary
