22
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A.
Place and Time of the Research
This research was conducted at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. It is located at Jl.Ir. H. Juanda Number. 95 Ciputat, South Tangerang. Hence, this research was
conducted at 27
th
December 2013 by administering questionnaires to the sample of the study which are the first semester students of department of English
Education, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
B. Research Methodology and Design
The research method used in this research is a quantitative research. This research is aimed to know the influence
of questioning strategy on students’ achievement in reading.
Here the dependent variable is students’ achievement in reading while the independent variable is questioning strategy.
In addition, this research design is an ex post facto. It is Non experimental designs that are used to investigate causal relationships without the treatments.
Hence, it examines the possible changes of an effect, phenomena, and behavior caused by one event.
1
It is belief that there are some factors that influence students’ achievement in reading, one of them is questioning strategy. As
consequences, this study is aimed at finding out whether questioning strategy influences
on students’ achievement in reading. Then, the method used to obtain the data is by using survey approach which
consists of administering questionnaires. “The questionnaires are written instrument to represent respondents’ characteristics with several question or
1
Muhammad Mubasir, “Pengaruh Penggunaan Panel Peraga dan Wiring Sistem Penerangan Mobil Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kelistrikan Otomotif
”, Skripsi from IKIP Semarang, Semarang, p. 16, Published.
statement.”
2
In addition, the questionnaires were administered to collect the data about questioning strategy used by the students.
C. Instrument and Technique of Data Collection
The writer used the instrument of the research to gather the data as follow: 1. Questionnaire
The writer administered questionnaire to the sample of the study which are first semester students of English Education Department to
know how far students used questioning as a reading comprehension strategy. Before distributing the questionnaire to the sample of the study,
the questionnaire has been tested by using software of SPSS 16.0 to check the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The validity test which has
been used by the writer is construct validity. In addition, the validity test is aimed to measure how far the
instrument is appropriate to test what will be tested.
3
In consequences, before distributing the questionnaire to sample of the study, the writer has
to test the validity to measure whether the instrument is appropriate to be distributed. Beside, the writer also tests the reliability of instrument.
Reliability is aimed to measure the consistency of instrument if it is conducted twice or more.
4
It means that reliability test should be conducted in order to make the instrument reliable and appropriate to be
distributed to the sample of the study. To see the validity and reliability test of instrument, the writer has
distributed questionnaire which consisted of 33 items to 36 students of XI IPA I grades of SMAN 29 Jakarta. The result of questionnaires was
calculated by using software of SPSS 16.0.The writer used the level of significance 0.05 to find the valid items.
2
James Dean Brown, Using Survey in Language Program University of Hawaii at ManoaHonohulu, Hawaii , 2001, p. 6.
3
Masri Singarimbun and Sofian Effendi, Metode Penelitian Survai, penerbit LP3ES Indonesia , 2006, p. 124.
4
Ibid.
