Reading achievement
N Valid 40
Missing 21
Mean 75.25
Median 75.00
Mode 72
a
Range 21
Minimum 62
Maximum 83
Sum 3010
Table 4.3 shows that the maximum score of students’ reading achievement is
83, and the minimum score is 62. There is a significant range between the maximum and the minimum score of reading achievement with the range 21.
Then the sum score of reading achievement is 3010. Meanwhile the mean score of students’ reading comprehension strategy is 75; it means that the mean score of
students’ reading achievement is quite good because it is bigger than the mode
score72. Hence, the table 4.3 also shows that the median score of students’
reading comprehension strategy is 75. The mean and mode score of students’
reading achievement is same in this case. In addition, the mode score is 72; it means that there are a lot of students who get 72. In addition, all of the data
descriptions above were calculated by using descriptive statistic SPSS 16.0.
After calculating the descriptive data, the writer will show interval, frequency, and percentage of reading comprehension strategy. The data below was calculated
by using Microsoft Excel 2007. The following table describes in details about students reading comprehension strategy.
Table 4.4 Relative frequency distribution of students’ reading achievement
Number Interval
Frequency Percentage
1 62-67
2 5
2 68-73
13 32.5
3 74-79
15 37.5
4 80-85
10 25
∑f = 40
From the table above, it can be seen frequency and percentage of reading achievement from 40 students. There are 5 student who get the score between
62 – 67, in this percentage; there are only two students who get the score between
62 – 67. Then 8.20 students get score between 68-73. In addition, mostly,
37.5 students get score between 74-79; it means that it is the score which students gained most. Hence, there are 25 students who get score between 80-
85. After calculating
the frequency distribution of students’ reading achievement, the data can be described in details on the chart below to give a
visual description of frequency of reading achievement:
Figure 4.2 Frequency Distribution of Students’ Reading Achievement
3. The Assumption Test
1. Normality Test
Before examining the hypothesis of the study, there are some steps that have to be examined before; they are normality and homogeneity test. Hence, in this part,
the writer will show the result of normality test Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and it was analyzed by
using SPSS 16.0 with α = 0.05. The aim of this analysis was used to see whether the data in the research was normally distributed. The result of the
normality test can be seen as follows:
2 4
6 8
10 12
14 16
62-67 68-73
74-79 80-85
Frequency of Reading Achievement
Frequency
Table 4.5 Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnov
a
Shapiro-Wilk Statistic
df Sig.
Statistic df
Sig. Reading Strategy
.080 40
.200 .985
40 .866
Reading Achievement .094
40 .200
.959 40
.157 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
. This is a lower bound of the true significance. Hypothesis :
1
H
o
: Data of X is normally distributed. H
a
: Data of X is not normally distributed random. Criteria of the test:
H
o
is accepted if probability sig. 0.05 H
a
is accepted if probability sig. 0.05 The result of calculation shows that both of the sig. 2-tailed = 0.20 or 0.20
0.05. Based on the criteria of the test above, it can be determined that 0.20 is greater than 0, 05. It means that H
o
is accepted. Therefore, the reading comprehension strategy data are normally distributed.
2. Homogeneity Test
Besides testing the normality, the study also tested the homogeneity of the data. It is conducted to know whether the variance of the data is homogenous. If the
data is homogenous, it shows that the data has same characteristics. This test uses Levene statistic as the technique of the homogeneity test. The result from the test of
homogeneity of variances by using SPSS 16.0 is presented as follows:
1
Sofian Siregar, Statistika Deskriptif untuk Penelitian. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2011, p. 256.
Table 4.6 Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Reading strategy Levene
Statistic df1
df2 Sig.
2.052 10
25 .071
Hypothesis:
2
H
o
: The variance of the data is homogenous. H
a
: The variance of the data is not homogenous. Criteria of the test :
H
o
is accepted if p value sig. 0.05 H
a
is accepted if p value sig. 0.05 The result of homogeneity test from table 4.4 shows that p value 0.05 in
which the p value, 0.71 is greater than 0.05 or 0.050.71. Based on the criteria of test above, it means that H
o
is accepted and H
a
is rejected. In conclusion, the variance of the data is homogenous.
4. The Analysis of the Data
1. The Testing of Hypothesis
The testing of hypothesis is aimed to examine between two variables which are questioning strategy as an independent variable and reading achievement as a
dependent variable. Then based on the test of normality and homogeneity tests, the results show that the data are normally distributed and the variance of the data is
homogenous. Hence, the writer analyzed the data between two variables by using
2
Susetyo, Statistik untuk Analiis Data Penelitian.PT Refika Aditama 2010, p. 298.
