2.4.1 Material Function
Material Function is process of doing, that some entity physically does something and undertakes some action which may be done to some other entity.
Clauses with a material function obligatorily have a doing process and a doer participant. Actions involve actors or participants.
The fuel ignites
Participant Process
The man run
Participant Process
The entity who or which does something is called the Actor. There optionally s an entity to which the process is extended or directed. This entity
which may be done to is the Goal
The man , because some processes also have a second
participant for example: hit
the dog
Participant Process
Participant
The girl kick
the ball
Participant Process
Participant
The term Goal implies meaning of “directed at”. Goal is that participant at whom the process is directed or to whom the action is extended. Another term that
has been used for this function is patient which means one that suffers or
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undergoes
There are two variables of Material Function Gerot, 1994: 56: the process. Nevertheless, the writer will keep familiar term goal in the
present analysis. The Goal is most like the traditional direct object which is known as transitive verb may take.
1 Creative a “bringing about”
2 Dispositive a “doing to”
In the creative type of material function, the Goal is brought about by the process:
My sister brings
a doll
Actor Material Function
Goal
In dispositive type, we have doings and happenings He
dismissed The secretary
Actor Material Function
Goal
From the examples above, we can conclude that material function has two participants Actor and Goal that each participant has different function.
2.4.2 Mental Function
Mental function is process of sensing, feeling, thinking and perceiving. Some processes involve not material action but phenomena described as states of
mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are
they thinking or feeling.
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Gerot 1994: 58 says that there are three types of mental function: 1
Affective or reactive feeling which is recognized through the use of verbs of liking or fearing;
2 Cognitive thinking which is recognized through the use of verbs of
thinking, knowing and understanding; 3
Perceptive perceiving through the five sense which is recognized through the use of verbs of seeing, hearing and so on.
From those explanations above we can conclude that the mental function can be realized by our feeling, thinking and the five senses of ourselves.
In mental function the participants are Senser and Phenomena
I . The senser
is by definition a conscious being, for only those who are conscious can feel, think or see. We can of course attribute or impute consciousness to non-sensate beings.
Here are the examples of the mental function: love
the boy
Senser Mental Function
Phenomenon
She hates
The man who calls me
Senser Mental Function Phenomenon
The examples above show us that in the first example “I” is called as the Senser and “The boy” as the Phenomenon. It is also shown in the second example
that “She” is called as the Senser and “The man who calls me” is also called as the Phenomenon.
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2.4.3 Verbal Function
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