2.4.3 Verbal Function
Verbal function is process of saying or of symbolically signalling. A verbal function typically contains three participants. They are:
1 Sayer
: the doer of the action 2
Receiver : the one whom the verbalisation is addressed
3 Verbiage
: a name of the verbalisation itself Gerot 1994: 62 says that the sayer, the receiver and the verbiage has
different meaning and function too. She said that the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have
to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal. The receiver is the one to who, the verbal function is directed,
or the one to whom the verbalization is addressed. The verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a
name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story. From the explanation above we can say that the three participants of verbal
function is closely related to the process of saying. When there is someone says “I hate you”, we can find that this sentence has the participants of verbal function.
Here are the examples of verbal function that we have to know. She
tells me
a story
Sayer Verbal Function
Receiver Verbiage
He asked
the teacher a question
Sayer Verbal Function
Receiver Verbiage
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From those examples above, we can conclude that “She” and “He” are called as Sayer. The words “tells” and “asked” are called as the Mental function.
The words “me” and “the teacher” are called as Receiver and the last words “a story” and “a question” are called as Verbiage.
2.4.4 Behavioral Function
Behavioral function is process of physiological and psychological behaviour, like breathing, dreaming, snoring, smiling, hiccupping, looking,
listening, watching and pondering. Halliday describes that this function semantically as a “half-way house”
between mental and material function. It means that the meanings are realized midway between materials on the one hand and mental on the others. They are in
part about action that has to be experienced by a conscious being. In behavioral function, there is one obligatory participant. It is Behaver
He and is typically a conscious being like a senser in the mental function clause.
But, the process is one of doing, not sensing such as: lives
in a small village
Behaver Behavioral Function
Circumstances: Place
Behavioral function often occurs with circumstantial elements, particularly of manner and cause.
She coughed
loudly
Behaver Behavioral Function
Circumstances: Manner
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My brother snores
slowly
Behaver Behavioral Function
Circumstances: Manner
Gladys laughed
at her careless
Behaver Behavioral Function
Circumstances: Cause
My mother is crying
with frustration
Behaver Behavioral Function
Circumstances: Cause
Behavioral function may contain a second participant which is called as Behavior
She . Here are the examples:
smiled a fake smile
Behaver Behavioral Function Behavior
He breath
a weak breath
Behaver Behavioral Function
Behavior
Sometimes, it is very difficult to make a diffrence between behavioral function and mental function. But, if we pay attention both of them we can find
that behavioral displays many features of mental function, the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinkingfeeling”. The evidence for this that the
unmarked present tense for behavioral is the present continuous, as it for material.
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2.4.5 Existential Function
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