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The XA students of SMA Santo Mikael The English teachers of SMA Santo Mikael

8 Mikael needed to improve their paragraph writing skill related to organizing information. The researcher would help the students to develop their awareness of information organization, so that they were able to structure the paragraphs based on the patterns of organization. 3. The XA students of SMA Santo Mikael SMA Santo Mikael is located in Warak, Sleman. One of the classes in SMA Santo Mikael is XA. There were 15 students in XA in academic year 20112012. All of the students found difficulties in organizing information when they wrote a text. Therefore, arranging jumbled paragraphs activity is expected to help the students develop paragraph writing skill related to the information organization. 9

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

In this chapter, the researcher presented the theoretical description and theoretical framework of this research.

2.1 Theoretical Description

This section will discuss jumbled paragraphs, paragraph writing skill, types of writing process, writing cycle, and the integration between reading and writing. 2.1.1 Jumbled Paragraphs In this part, the researcher will describe the jumbled paragraphs. Therefore, this part presents the definition of jumbled paragraphs and the use of arranging jumbled paragraphs in reading. 2.1.1.1 Definition of Jumbled Paragraphs Kintsch and Yarbrough define jumbled paragraphs as a text whose paragraphs are reordered as cited in Affar et al., 1991, p. 59. The jumbled paragraphs are created from a well-structured text. The text is reordered, so the readers must arrange the paragraphs into a good text before they read it. 2.1.1.2 The Relation between Arranging Jumbled Paragraphs and Effective Reading Effective reading helps the students to construct the propositional meaning, which is how ideas or information are expressed and related to each

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