Research Method Research Participants

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter deals with the methodology used by the researcher for obtaining data needed in order to answer the research questions. The discussion of this chapter involves the research method, research participants, setting, research instruments, data gathering techniques, data analysis techniques, and research procedures.

A. Research Method

The study is a qualitative research using a survey method. According to Ary, Jacobs Razavieh 2002, this method provides descriptive accounts which is targeted to understand a phenomenon using data that might be collected in variety of ways, such as interviews, observations, and document review. Furthermore, the purpose of using this method is to understand the world or experience of the participants. The survey method was suitably chosen since the researcher sought to understand a social phenomena from the perspective of the participants of the study by focusing on the total picture rather than breaking it down into variables. Furthermore, the study aimed to obtain a holistic picture and a depth understanding on the immersion teachers’ language problems in using English as the medium of instruction at the immersion class X SMA Negeri 1 Klaten. The researcher naturally described how the immersion teachers dealt with the 31 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI problems in using English as the medium of instruction at the immersion class X SMA Negeri 1 Klaten. The research was done by employing two kinds of data collection method. They were observation and interview. As stated by Bogdan and Biklen 1982, the best known representatives of qualitative research are participant observation and in-depth interview. However, those multiple data collection methods was attempted to ensure the trustworthiness of the data being gathered. This reason was suitable with one of qualitative research characteristics suggested by Creswell 1998 that a qualitative research entails rigorous data collection in which the researcher collects multiple forms of data, summarizes them adequately and spends adequate time in the field.

B. Research Participants

The researcher used purposeful sampling to choose the research participants. Patton 2002 stated that purposeful sampling is based on assumption that the investigator wants to discover, understand, and gain insight and therefore must select a sample from which the most can be learned. In determining the number of research participant, Patton 2002 added that in-depth information from a small number of people can be valuable, especially if the case is information-rich. Thus, in order to obtain in-depth information, the researcher specified the sample into four immersion teachers as the research participants. They are a Mathematic teacher, a Biology teacher, a Physics teacher, and a Chemistry teacher. They were selected by considering that English was only used PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI as medium of instruction at the subject of Mathematics, Biology, Physics, and Chemistry at the immersion class X SMA Negeri 1 Klaten. The other participant was the coordinator of immersion official team SMA Negeri 1 Klaten. Since the researcher need complete information and general description of immersion program which was conducted in SMA Negeri 1 Klaten, the researcher included the coordinator of immersion official team SMA Negeri 1 Klaten as one of the respondents of the interview.

C. Setting