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2. Community Language Learning
Community Language Learning is one of many teaching methods which are usually used by the teacher in teaching English. This kind of method focuses
on the speaking and reading skills. According to Richards and Rodgers 1986, the method represents the use of Counseling-Learning to teach languages p. 90. It
means that it adapts the principles of Counseling-Learning model. In this research, some principles of the method are used to teach speaking skills in SMK Sanjaya
Pakem.
3. Speaking Skills
The term speaking skills refer to the productive skill in the oral mode. Goh and Burns 2012 introduce the teaching cycle in teaching speaking skills. They
mention every stage of the teaching cycle supports the broad developmental objectives for speaking. In this research, the term speaking skills mean the target
skills, such as speaking comfortably and fluently, that the teacher wants to achieve by implementing Community Language Learning principles.
4. SMK Sanjaya Pakem
SMK Sanjaya Pakem is a private vocational high school which is located in Jalan Kaliurang km 17, Pakem-Sleman, Yogyakarta. This vocational high
school focuses on business field so that the school has three kinds of study program which are Office Administration Administrasi Perkantoran, Marketing
Pemasaran, and Accountancy Akuntansi. In this study, the term SMK Sanjaya Pakem refers to the place where the research is conducted.
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
In this chapter, the researcher discusses related literature that becomes the basic theory of the study. All of the problems of this study will be discussed based
on those theories. This chapter contains a theoretical description involving some relevant theories related to this study and a theoretical framework providing the
summary of the theories which are used as the guideline to solve the research problems.
A. Theoretical Description
In this part, there are three points to be discussed. They are perception, Community Language Learning, and speaking skill.
1. Perception
According to Robbins 2005, perception is a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their
environment p. 134. While Cherry 2013 states that perception is our sensory experience of the world around us and involves both the recognition of the
environmental stimuli and actions in response to these stimuli. Perception is the acquisition of specific knowledge about objects or events at any particular
moment. It occurs whenever the stimuli activate the senses. Thus, it involves receiving stimuli, organizing the stimuli, and interpreting the organized stimuli so
as to influence behavior and attitudes Gibson et al., 2006, p. 99.
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