THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTED PHENOLICS COMBINATION AGAINST GANODERMA SP. AND RESISTANCE

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTED PHENOLICS COMBINATION AGAINST GANODERMA SP. AND RESISTANCE

1 Jee Wei Ren 1 and Chong Khim Phin

1 Sustainable Palm Oil Research Unit (SPOR), School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

ABSTRACT. Basal Stem Rot (BSR) caused by Ganoderma boninense is the most devastating disease in oil palm industry of South East Asia. To date, there is no single proven reliable

application in suppressing or controlling the disease severity. There was a selected phenolics combination; syringic acid, caffeic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid reported contribute to resistance of oil palm to Ganoderma. In vitro study and numerous trials at green house showed the combinations to have strong fungitoxicity effect to G. boninense. Field trials had been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of these phenolics, which shown a reduction of 50% of ergosterol (Ganoderma fungal sterol) for actual field applications. However, several aspect such as the mode of action of these selected phenolics combination; the speed and efficacy of translocation of these selected phenolics combination within oil palm; the possible resistance of Ganoderma to these selected phenolics combination; the effect of these selected phenolics combination to the soil microbial population; the persistence of these selected phenolics combination in soil; the possible improve of effectiveness of these selected phenolics combination with multiple applications remained unanswered. This project is designed to answer all these uncertain. All the aspects were under ongoing investigation.

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EXPLORATION OF MICROBIAL DIVERSITY FROM SABAH FORESTS SOIL TO CONTROL Ganoderma spp. OF OIL PALM

1 1 Lim, P. H. 1 , Chong, K. P. and Jualang, A. G.

1 School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

ABSTRACT. In Malaysia, oil palm is suffering from one major disease, Basal Stem Rot (BSR) caused by Ganoderma species. Sabah forests are rich in microbial diversity that might contribute to the discovery of potential microorganisms to control BSR. The objectives of this study are to investigate potential microbes from forest soil against Ganoderma spp., to identify the antagonsist microbes and to investigate the compounds from the microbes which may contribute to their antimicrobial activity. Ganoderma was isolated from fresh fruiting bodies of infected oil palm and maintained on petri dishes containing Potato Dextrose Agar. Twenty soil samples were collected from virgin forest (Crocker Range). The isolation of microbial of interest was conducted using Dilution Plate Method (DPM) with different types of media for different target microorganisms. Dual culture assays was carried out and the percentage inhibition of ABSTRACT. In Malaysia, oil palm is suffering from one major disease, Basal Stem Rot (BSR) caused by Ganoderma species. Sabah forests are rich in microbial diversity that might contribute to the discovery of potential microorganisms to control BSR. The objectives of this study are to investigate potential microbes from forest soil against Ganoderma spp., to identify the antagonsist microbes and to investigate the compounds from the microbes which may contribute to their antimicrobial activity. Ganoderma was isolated from fresh fruiting bodies of infected oil palm and maintained on petri dishes containing Potato Dextrose Agar. Twenty soil samples were collected from virgin forest (Crocker Range). The isolation of microbial of interest was conducted using Dilution Plate Method (DPM) with different types of media for different target microorganisms. Dual culture assays was carried out and the percentage inhibition of

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