Disrespectful Thesis Rezqan Noor Farid

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l. Disrespectful

Being disrespect is also portrayed by the proverbs of Banjarese. Two proverbs are found having this bad behavior portrayed. Since their childhood, a Banjarese person has been taught to respect each other and more importantly respecting older person using the proverbs as the indirect tool for teaching the value and norms of life. Below are the proverbs that that contain disrespectful behavior in them: 1. Talangkahi dingsanak tuha 2. Paaliran disambar buhaya. The proverb talangkahi dingsanak tuha has clearer way in telling about disrespect behavior. It consists of three parts talangkahi ‘step over’, dingsanak ‘sibling’, and tuha ‘old’ which yield ‘stepping over the older sibling’ as the literal meaning. In interpreting this proverb, there are several things that are needed to consider, they are the clues of interpretation, the explicature, the context of utterance and the implicature. The first is the clues. Verb talangkahi or stepped over in this proverb has root malangkahi which expresses an action of moving above something and gives superior sense for the doer and inferior sense for the object. It also has additional meaning ‘deliberately done’ because it has prefix ta- attached. In the other word, someone who talangkahi something or someone is deliberately step over or step across the thing or the person because he is superior. The second is the explicature. Looking at the clue talangkahi above and its literal meaning, the explicature that can be formulated is “a younger one step over 45 the older siblings on purpose”. However, it cannot express the real intention of the speaker. So, the last two things, context and implicature are needed. The next is the context of the utterance. As mentioned in the first paragraph of this point, the proverb talangkahi dingsanak tuha is uttered as the indirect way of teaching of bad behavior. It is also uttered when the speaker seeing someone doing impolite deeds toward older people. It is used as a warning for disrespected older people. Both of the facts above can be regarded as the context of the utterance of the proverb. The last is the implicature of the proverb. It is formulated using the clue, the explicature, and the context. Below are the possible implicature which can be formulated, including: 1 Showing an event where a younger person steps across his older sibling. 2 Showing a younger person who feels superior than his older sibling. 3 Showing that the doer insulting his older sibling by doing something which disregarded their position. The last implicature clearly points out that disrespectful behavior is the same as insulting the older person. It also shows that disrespectful is bad behavior and by understanding the implicative meaning of this proverb the hearer can learn to be respectful and polite person. 46

m. Irresponsible