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the time of the invasion. And as evidence revealed that Iraq never had ties with al-Qaeda - its ideological enemy - the notion that Saddam Hussein posed an imminent threat to the
West also crumbled.
4.1.2 The Judgement Used in the Articles
The analysis of the sub-type of judgement is different from the one of affect in the way that it can’t directly show the emoter and the target of the expressions. It is closely
related to the field of the clause, the sub-types are the criteria used to analyze the people’s characters. To see the emoter and the target of the judgement, people should refer to the
detailed analysis in appendixes. Notice that SE means Social Esteem and SS means Social Sanction. Judgement and its sub-type used in the clause-complexes of the analyzed articles
are as follows: Table 4.4 Sources of Judgement per Article
Article Normality: Capacity Tenacity:
Veracity: Propriety: Total
No. fate
resolve truth
ethics + -
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ -
1 - -
- - - - - -
- - - - - - - 5
2 1 1
- 2 1 1 2 1 1
- - - 2 - 2 7
3 - - - 1 1
- 2 1 1 - - - 12 - 12 15
4 - -
- - - - 1 1
- - - -
15 -
15 16 5
- - - 2 1 1 1 1
1 1 12 - 12 16
6 - -
- - - - - -
- - - -
3 - 3 3
Total
1 1 - 5 3 2
6 4 2 1
- 1 49 -
49 62 1,60
8,06 9,67
1,60 79
100
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Table 4.4 shows that among the five sub-types of judgement, SS, propriety: ethics dominates the other sub-types. Forty-nine out of entire judgements are SS, propriety:
ethics; it is about seventy-nine percent. The second place of the judgement value used is SE, tenacity: resolve, the third place is SE, capacity, and the last ones are SE, normality:
fate and SS, veracity: truth. The writer seems to use quite limited number of clauses realizing this kind of attitude.
Throughout the six articles the journalists employ 62 instances of judgment 15.90 of the total number of appraising instances. Of these judgments, 12.90 are positive and 87.09
negative. The limited use of judgment is influenced by the nature of the articles that tell the audience mostly about things Iraq war not about people. For this reason the journalists use
a quite limited number of judgmental instances in the articles. The analysis of judgement shows that around a half of the total of the emoters, the sources of the attitude are non-
authorial, whereas the target s are varied. Similar to the reason in expressing affect, here the journalists do not want to mix their feelings into the articles. In this kind of attitude,
George Bush receives many critics because of his speech in pentagon. See the following excerpts.
13 “The gains weve made are fragile and irreversible, but on this anniversary,
the American people should know that since the surge began, the level of violence is significantly down, civilian deaths are down, sectarian killings
are down, Bush said. 14
The surge is working and as a return of the success in Iraq we have begun bringing some of our troops home.
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15 He said it was also notable that Bush referred to his status as commander-in-
chief, rather than the US president. 16
This was a military speech, not a political speech, he said. 17
Bushs speech on the war anniversary comes as he faces continued criticism for his administrations strategy.
18 Hady Amr, a Middle East analyst at the Brookings Institution in Doha,
Qatar, told Al Jazeera that the US-led invasion of Iraq was a strategic disaster.
19 He said: When you have at least 200 Iraqis dying every month in attacks on
a per capita equivalent ... I dont know how anyone can characterise that as a success.
From the excerpts above, Bush’s speech got critics from many people. Bush made his comments in a speech at the Pentagon to mark the fifth anniversary of the US-led
invasion that toppled the government of Saddam Hussein, Iraqs president. He stated that that the US troop surge in Iraq had succeeded in promoting stability there. Marwan
Bishara, Al Jazeeras senior political analyst didn’t agree with Bush statement. In fact, the 2003 invasion plunged Iraq into chaos and bloodshed. Bishara said that Bush had neglected
in his address to give a balanced picture of the events, challenges and the human cost of the war. So far, the war has killed more than 4,000 US and allied soldiers and tens of
thousands of Iraqi civilians. The International Committee of the Red Cross, in its latest report, said the plight of millions of Iraqis who still have little or no access to clean water,
sanitation or health care was the most critical in the world. Hady Amr, a Middle East analyst at the Brookings Institution in Doha, Qatar, also didn’t agree with Bush’s opinion
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about the success of the US invasion of Iraq. He mentioned US-led invasion of Iraq as a strategic disaster. By using its own words or referring to others’, Al-Jazeera seems to blame
the US invasion of Iraq.
4.1.3 The Appreciation Used in the Articles
