Peranan "Water Conditioning System" terhadap Perubahan Konsentrasi Deterjen dalam Air dari Saluran Irigasi di Kolam Percobaan Perikanan Darmaga-Bogor

i

PERANAN " WATER CONDITIONING SYSTEM "
TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KONSENTRASI
DALAM AIR DARl SALURAN IRI
Dl KOLAM PERGOBAAN PERIKANAN D

KARYA

ILMIAH

Oleh :
YULIANTI
C. 18 0510

FAKULTAS

PERIKANAN

INSTITUT PERTANIAN
1986


BOGOR

RINGKASAN

YULIANTI.

P e r a n a n "Water

C o n d i t i o n i n g System" Terhadap

P e r u b a h a n K o n s e n t r a s i D e t e r j e n Dalam A i r D a r i S a l u r a n
I r i g a s i d i Kolam P e r c o b a a n P e r i k a n a n D a r m a g a - B o g o r
( D i bawah b i m b i n g a n MUHAMMAD EIDMAN,

sebagai ketua ,

F I F I W I D J A J A d a n DIETRIECH GEOFFREY BENGEN s e b a g a i
anggota)


.

P e n e l i t i a n i n i d i l a k u k a n d a l a m "Water
S y s t e m (WCS)" d i k o l a m - k o l a m

Conditioning

p e r c o b a a n p e r i k a n a n Darmaga,

B o g o r d a r i b u l a n J a n u a r i s a m p a i Mei 1 9 8 5 .

WCS y a n g d i -

t e l i t i m e r u p a k a n s u a t u k o l a m y a n g b e r u k u r a n p a n j a n g 20 m ,
lebar

10 m d a n k e d a l a m a n 1 . 5 m .

Kolam WCS i n i d i b a g i


l a g i menjadi t i g a buah kolam yang l e b i h k e c i l .

Kolam

p e r t a m a d i i s i b a t u k a p u r b e r d i a m e t e r t 2 cm s e t i n g g i
1.45 m.

Kolam k e d u a b e r t u r u t - t u r u t

d a r i bawah k e a t a s

d i i s i b a t u k a p u r b e r d i a m e t e r t 5 cm s e t i n g g i 0 . 5 5 m ,

batu

k a p u r b e r d i a m e t e r t 2 cm s e t i n g g i 0 . 3 0 m d a n p a s i r b e r d i a m e t e r 2 2 mm s e t i n g g i 0 . 4 0

m.

d i i s i dengan arang s e t i n g g i 0.60


Sedangkan kolam k e t i g a

m.

Tujuan p e n e l i t i a n i n i i a l a h untuk mengetahui sampai
s e j a u h mana p e r a n a n WCS t e r h a d a p p e n u r u n a n k o n s e n t r a s i
d e t e r j e n dalam a i r s a l u r a n i r i g a s i yang m e n j a d i sumber
a i r b a g i kolam-kolam

p e r c o b a a n p e r i k a n a n d i Darmaga-Bogor.

K o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n d i u k u r d e n g a n menggunakan metode
Biru Metilen.

Pengambilan c o n t o h a i r d i l a b u k a n d i kolam

p e m a s u k a n d a n k o l a m k o n t r o l k e t i g a WCS s e t i a p p a g i ,

s i a n g dan s o r e h a r i selama lima h a r i b e r t u r u t - t u r u t

s a t u bulan selama lima bulan p e n e l i t i a n .

dalam

Untuk m e n g e t a h u i

s a m p a i s e j a u h mana p e r a n a n WCS t e r h a d a p p e n u r u n a n k o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n d i l a k u k a n p e r h i t u n g a n d e n g a n menggunakan
R a n c a w a n Kelompok Acak t e n g k a p d e n g a n s u b s a m p l i n g .
K e m u d i a n d i l a k u k a n u j i Beda N y a t a J u j u r .
WCS t e r n y a t a e f e k t i f d a l a m p e n u r u n a n k o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n sampai b a t a s yang l a y a k b a g i k e g i a t a n p e r i k a n a n .
E f e k t i v i t a s p e n u r u n a n d e t e r j e n o l e h WCS a n t a r w a k t u p e n g a matan dan a n t a r b u l a n berbeda.

Efektivitas tertinggi di-

p e r o l e h pada waktu s i a n g h a r i dan t e r e n d a h pada waktu p a g i
hari.

E f e k t i v i t a s terendah pada waktu p a g i h a r i t e r j a d i

pada bulan J a n u a r i (24.3

April (63.0

%).

%)

dan t e r t i n g g i pada bulan

Untuk s i a n g h a r i ,

t e r j a d i pada b u l a n J a n u a r i (55.9
bulan Februari (72.7

%).

%)

e f e k t i v i t a s terendah
dan t e r t i n g g i pada


Sedangkan pada s o r e h a r i ,

t i v i t a s terendah t e r j a d i pada bulan J a n u a r i
t e r t i n g g i pada bulan A p r i l

(65.4

(44.7

efek-

X) dan

%).

B e s a r k e c i l n y a e f e k t i v i t a s WCS i n i d i p e n g a r u h i o l e h
t i n g g i rendahnya k o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n dan l a j u pengaliran
a i r y a n g m a s u k k e d a l a m k o l a m p e m a s u k a n WCS.

Batu k a p u r


y a n g t e r d a p a t d a l a m t a h a p p e r t a m a d a n k e d u a WCS p a l i n g
e f e k t i f dalam menurunkan k o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n .
S e l a i n berpengaruh terhadap konsentrasi d e t e r j e n ,

WCS j u g a d i d u g a b e r p e n g a r u h t e r h a d a p p a r a m e t e r k u a l i t a s
a i r lainnya.

P a r a m e t e r k u a l i t a s a i r y a n g mempunyai

hubungan dengan d e t e r j e n i a l a h o k s i g e n t e r l a r u t , a l k a l i n i tas total,

k e s a d a h a n t o t a l d a n pH.

Ternyata BCS hanya

b e r p e n g a r u h k e c i l t e r h a d a p keempat p a r a m e t e r k u a l i t a s a i r
tersebut,

sehingga n i l a i - n i l a i


parameter t e r s e b u t masih

berada pada b a t a s yang l a y a k b a g i k e g i a t a n perikanan.

ABSTRACT
YULIANTI.

The E f f e c t o f W a t e r C o n d i t i o n i n g S y s t e m i n

A l t e r i n g D e t e r g e n t ' s C o n c e n t r a t i o n i n W a t e r From I r r i g a t i o n
C a n a l a t Darmaga R e s e a r c h P o n d s ( U n d e r t h e g u i d a n c e o f
MUHAMMAD EIDMAN, F I F I W I D J A J A a n d DIETRIECH GEOFFREY

BENGEN)

.

T h i s r e s e a r c h was c o n d u c t e d a t t h e W a t e r C o n d i t i o n i n g
S y s t e m (WCS) p o n d i n D a r m a g a - B o g o r ,

a n d e n d e d i n May 1 9 8 5 .
long,

T h e WCS p o n d ' s

10 m wide and 1.5 m d e e p ,

s m a l l ponds.

which began i n J a n u a r y
d i m e n s i o n i s 20 m

and i s d i v i d e d i n t o t h r e e

The f i r s t pond i s f i l l e d w i t h 1.45 m t h i c k o f

l i m e s t o n e w i t h d i a m e t e r of p a r t i c l e s
pond i s f i l l e d w i t h : 0.55
diameter of p a r t i c l e s


+

2 cm.

The second

m t h i c k of limestones with

5 cm,

w i t h diameter of p a r t i c l e s

+

+

0.30

m t h i c k of l i m e s t o n e

2 cm a n d 0 . 4 0 m t h i c k o f

sand w i t h diameter of p a r t i c l e s

+

2 mm.

The t h i r d pond

i s f i l l e d w i t h 0.60 m t h i c k o f c h a r c o a l .
This study is an e f f o r t t o reduce the detergent's
c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n w a t e r f r o m i r r i g a t i o n c a n a l a t DarmagaB o g o r b y m e a n s o f WCS.
The M e t h y l e n e B l u e Method i s p e r f o r m e d t o m e a s u r e
t h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n of d e t e r g e n t .

Samples of w a t e r i s

t a k e n d a i l y f r o m t h e i n l e t a n d t h e o u t l e t o f t h e WCS p o n d .
i n t h e morning,

a t noon and i n t h e a f t e r n o o n d u r i n g f i v e

r e s p e c t i v e d a y s i n one month;
t o complete t h e sampling.

and f i v e months i s needed

T h e e f f e c t o f WCS t o w a r d s

detergent's concentration is determined from Randomized
Complete Block Design with subsampling, which followed
by the Honestly Significance Difference test afterward.
From this study, the WCS is proofed to be effective
in lowering detergent's concentration to a certain level,
which is still tolerable for fishery activities, and the
decrease differed with the time of observation (morning,
noon or afternoon) and the months of which this observation
is taken place.

The maximum effectiveness is observed

to be at noon while the minimum effectiveness is to be
in the morning.

The minimum effectiveness for morning

observation occured in January (24.3 % )
effectiveness in April (63.0 % ) .

and the maximum

The minimum effectiveness

for noon observation occured in January (55.9 % )
maximum i n February (72.7 % ) .

and the

While for afternoon

observation the minimum occured in January (44.7 % ) and
the maximum in April (65.4 % ) .
The WCS degree of effectiveness is influenced by
the content of detergent and the velocity of water
entering the inlet pond.

The limestone in the first and

second pond proofed to be the most effective in lowering
the detergent's

concentration.

The WCS is not only lowering the concentration of
detergent but also influencing the other water quality
parameters

such as the dissolved oxygen, the total

alkalinity, total hardness and the pH.

Although the

influence o f W C S towar3 these f o u r parameters exist,
value is still below the tolerable limit for fishery
activities.

the

i

PERANAN " WATER CONDITIONING SYSTEM "
TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KONSENTRASI
DALAM AIR DARl SALURAN IRI
Dl KOLAM PERGOBAAN PERIKANAN D

KARYA

ILMIAH

Oleh :
YULIANTI
C. 18 0510

FAKULTAS

PERIKANAN

INSTITUT PERTANIAN
1986

BOGOR

RINGKASAN

YULIANTI.

P e r a n a n "Water

C o n d i t i o n i n g System" Terhadap

P e r u b a h a n K o n s e n t r a s i D e t e r j e n Dalam A i r D a r i S a l u r a n
I r i g a s i d i Kolam P e r c o b a a n P e r i k a n a n D a r m a g a - B o g o r
( D i bawah b i m b i n g a n MUHAMMAD EIDMAN,

sebagai ketua ,

F I F I W I D J A J A d a n DIETRIECH GEOFFREY BENGEN s e b a g a i
anggota)

.

P e n e l i t i a n i n i d i l a k u k a n d a l a m "Water
S y s t e m (WCS)" d i k o l a m - k o l a m

Conditioning

p e r c o b a a n p e r i k a n a n Darmaga,

B o g o r d a r i b u l a n J a n u a r i s a m p a i Mei 1 9 8 5 .

WCS y a n g d i -

t e l i t i m e r u p a k a n s u a t u k o l a m y a n g b e r u k u r a n p a n j a n g 20 m ,
lebar

10 m d a n k e d a l a m a n 1 . 5 m .

Kolam WCS i n i d i b a g i

l a g i menjadi t i g a buah kolam yang l e b i h k e c i l .

Kolam

p e r t a m a d i i s i b a t u k a p u r b e r d i a m e t e r t 2 cm s e t i n g g i
1.45 m.

Kolam k e d u a b e r t u r u t - t u r u t

d a r i bawah k e a t a s

d i i s i b a t u k a p u r b e r d i a m e t e r t 5 cm s e t i n g g i 0 . 5 5 m ,

batu

k a p u r b e r d i a m e t e r t 2 cm s e t i n g g i 0 . 3 0 m d a n p a s i r b e r d i a m e t e r 2 2 mm s e t i n g g i 0 . 4 0

m.

d i i s i dengan arang s e t i n g g i 0.60

Sedangkan kolam k e t i g a

m.

Tujuan p e n e l i t i a n i n i i a l a h untuk mengetahui sampai
s e j a u h mana p e r a n a n WCS t e r h a d a p p e n u r u n a n k o n s e n t r a s i
d e t e r j e n dalam a i r s a l u r a n i r i g a s i yang m e n j a d i sumber
a i r b a g i kolam-kolam

p e r c o b a a n p e r i k a n a n d i Darmaga-Bogor.

K o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n d i u k u r d e n g a n menggunakan metode
Biru Metilen.

Pengambilan c o n t o h a i r d i l a b u k a n d i kolam

p e m a s u k a n d a n k o l a m k o n t r o l k e t i g a WCS s e t i a p p a g i ,

s i a n g dan s o r e h a r i selama lima h a r i b e r t u r u t - t u r u t
s a t u bulan selama lima bulan p e n e l i t i a n .

dalam

Untuk m e n g e t a h u i

s a m p a i s e j a u h mana p e r a n a n WCS t e r h a d a p p e n u r u n a n k o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n d i l a k u k a n p e r h i t u n g a n d e n g a n menggunakan
R a n c a w a n Kelompok Acak t e n g k a p d e n g a n s u b s a m p l i n g .
K e m u d i a n d i l a k u k a n u j i Beda N y a t a J u j u r .
WCS t e r n y a t a e f e k t i f d a l a m p e n u r u n a n k o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n sampai b a t a s yang l a y a k b a g i k e g i a t a n p e r i k a n a n .
E f e k t i v i t a s p e n u r u n a n d e t e r j e n o l e h WCS a n t a r w a k t u p e n g a matan dan a n t a r b u l a n berbeda.

Efektivitas tertinggi di-

p e r o l e h pada waktu s i a n g h a r i dan t e r e n d a h pada waktu p a g i
hari.

E f e k t i v i t a s terendah pada waktu p a g i h a r i t e r j a d i

pada bulan J a n u a r i (24.3
April (63.0

%).

%)

dan t e r t i n g g i pada bulan

Untuk s i a n g h a r i ,

t e r j a d i pada b u l a n J a n u a r i (55.9
bulan Februari (72.7

%).

%)

e f e k t i v i t a s terendah
dan t e r t i n g g i pada

Sedangkan pada s o r e h a r i ,

t i v i t a s terendah t e r j a d i pada bulan J a n u a r i
t e r t i n g g i pada bulan A p r i l

(65.4

(44.7

efek-

X) dan

%).

B e s a r k e c i l n y a e f e k t i v i t a s WCS i n i d i p e n g a r u h i o l e h
t i n g g i rendahnya k o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n dan l a j u pengaliran
a i r y a n g m a s u k k e d a l a m k o l a m p e m a s u k a n WCS.

Batu k a p u r

y a n g t e r d a p a t d a l a m t a h a p p e r t a m a d a n k e d u a WCS p a l i n g
e f e k t i f dalam menurunkan k o n s e n t r a s i d e t e r j e n .
S e l a i n berpengaruh terhadap konsentrasi d e t e r j e n ,

WCS j u g a d i d u g a b e r p e n g a r u h t e r h a d a p p a r a m e t e r k u a l i t a s
a i r lainnya.

P a r a m e t e r k u a l i t a s a i r y a n g mempunyai

hubungan dengan d e t e r j e n i a l a h o k s i g e n t e r l a r u t , a l k a l i n i tas total,

k e s a d a h a n t o t a l d a n pH.

Ternyata BCS hanya

b e r p e n g a r u h k e c i l t e r h a d a p keempat p a r a m e t e r k u a l i t a s a i r
tersebut,

sehingga n i l a i - n i l a i

parameter t e r s e b u t masih

berada pada b a t a s yang l a y a k b a g i k e g i a t a n perikanan.

ABSTRACT
YULIANTI.

The E f f e c t o f W a t e r C o n d i t i o n i n g S y s t e m i n

A l t e r i n g D e t e r g e n t ' s C o n c e n t r a t i o n i n W a t e r From I r r i g a t i o n
C a n a l a t Darmaga R e s e a r c h P o n d s ( U n d e r t h e g u i d a n c e o f
MUHAMMAD EIDMAN, F I F I W I D J A J A a n d DIETRIECH GEOFFREY

BENGEN)

.

T h i s r e s e a r c h was c o n d u c t e d a t t h e W a t e r C o n d i t i o n i n g
S y s t e m (WCS) p o n d i n D a r m a g a - B o g o r ,
a n d e n d e d i n May 1 9 8 5 .
long,

T h e WCS p o n d ' s

10 m wide and 1.5 m d e e p ,

s m a l l ponds.

which began i n J a n u a r y
d i m e n s i o n i s 20 m

and i s d i v i d e d i n t o t h r e e

The f i r s t pond i s f i l l e d w i t h 1.45 m t h i c k o f

l i m e s t o n e w i t h d i a m e t e r of p a r t i c l e s
pond i s f i l l e d w i t h : 0.55
diameter of p a r t i c l e s

+

2 cm.

The second

m t h i c k of limestones with

5 cm,

w i t h diameter of p a r t i c l e s

+

+

0.30

m t h i c k of l i m e s t o n e

2 cm a n d 0 . 4 0 m t h i c k o f

sand w i t h diameter of p a r t i c l e s

+

2 mm.

The t h i r d pond

i s f i l l e d w i t h 0.60 m t h i c k o f c h a r c o a l .
This study is an e f f o r t t o reduce the detergent's
c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n w a t e r f r o m i r r i g a t i o n c a n a l a t DarmagaB o g o r b y m e a n s o f WCS.
The M e t h y l e n e B l u e Method i s p e r f o r m e d t o m e a s u r e
t h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n of d e t e r g e n t .

Samples of w a t e r i s

t a k e n d a i l y f r o m t h e i n l e t a n d t h e o u t l e t o f t h e WCS p o n d .
i n t h e morning,

a t noon and i n t h e a f t e r n o o n d u r i n g f i v e

r e s p e c t i v e d a y s i n one month;
t o complete t h e sampling.

and f i v e months i s needed

T h e e f f e c t o f WCS t o w a r d s

detergent's concentration is determined from Randomized
Complete Block Design with subsampling, which followed
by the Honestly Significance Difference test afterward.
From this study, the WCS is proofed to be effective
in lowering detergent's concentration to a certain level,
which is still tolerable for fishery activities, and the
decrease differed with the time of observation (morning,
noon or afternoon) and the months of which this observation
is taken place.

The maximum effectiveness is observed

to be at noon while the minimum effectiveness is to be
in the morning.

The minimum effectiveness for morning

observation occured in January (24.3 % )
effectiveness in April (63.0 % ) .

and the maximum

The minimum effectiveness

for noon observation occured in January (55.9 % )
maximum i n February (72.7 % ) .

and the

While for afternoon

observation the minimum occured in January (44.7 % ) and
the maximum in April (65.4 % ) .
The WCS degree of effectiveness is influenced by
the content of detergent and the velocity of water
entering the inlet pond.

The limestone in the first and

second pond proofed to be the most effective in lowering
the detergent's

concentration.

The WCS is not only lowering the concentration of
detergent but also influencing the other water quality
parameters

such as the dissolved oxygen, the total

alkalinity, total hardness and the pH.

Although the

influence o f W C S towar3 these f o u r parameters exist,
value is still below the tolerable limit for fishery
activities.

the