of psychosexual development, since during this period, which lasts from the end of the phallic stage to the onset of puberty, the sexual stage is dormant. The libido
is channeled into such activities as school, interpersonal relations with children of the same age and sex, hobbies, and so on. Freud said little about this period of life,
although other psychoanalytic theorist e.g. Erikson, Sullivan have placed considerable emphasis on it.
5. Genital Stage
The final stage of psychosexual development begins at puberty when the young adolescent starts to mature sexually and lasts through adulthood until the
onset of senility, at which time the individual tend to regress to pre genital behavior behavior of the oral, anal and phallic stage. In the genital stage, the
libido is again focused in the genital area, but now it is directed toward heterosexual, rather than autoerotic, pleasure. The greater an individual’s success
in reaching the genital stage without having large amounts of libido fixated in pre genital stages, the greater will be his capacity to lead a normal life, free of
neurosis, and to enjoy genuine heterosexual relationships.
D. The Absent Mother
The concept of absent mother has been used in many terms and academia papers correlating to psychoanalysis theory. Given example: “Absent Mother in
King Lear” by Coppelia Kahn and also there was A Freudian Analysis of the Absent Mother in Dickens Oliver Twist that has been appeared among Google
scholar. According to the papers mentioned the absent mother is the concept where the mother is not being existed in the child life, either because the mother
left physically, or, emotionally not being there. According to Jasmin Cori in her unpublished work “Emotionally Absent Mother a guide to claiming the warmth
respect and love mom never gave you” 2009 the characteristics that must be possessed by a mother are: Mother as Source, Mother as Place of Attachment,
Mother as First Responder, Mother as Modulator, Mother as Nurturer, Mother as Mirror, Mother as Cheerleader, Mother as Mentor, Mother as Protector, Mother as
Home Base; whereas the mother lack of these characteristic, she could be categorized to an emotionally absent mother. The term of absent mother also can
be derived from the concept of absent parents and absent father which both of them are considered to be very important regarding a child growth.
Excerpting from a journal about the absent father:
“… The levels of father-son and mother-son emotional connectednessdistance, measured in terms of intimacy and intimidation,
were studied among male Catholic seminarians in Canada. Results indicated that those seminarians who identified their sexual orientation as
homosexual scored significantly lower on their level of intimacy with their fathers than did heterosexual seminarians. No such differences existed in
the relationship of seminarians and their mothers. There were no significant differences on the intimidation scores. Results lend new
credence to the weak father theory of homosexuality and to the importance of same-sex emotional connectedness in the psychosexual
gender development of individuals…”
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Ray A. Seutter and Martin Rovers , Emotionally Absent Fathers: Furthering the
Understanding of Homosexuality, Journal of Psychology and Theology, Vol. 32, 2004.
Given example from the excerpt of the journal, it is stated that the role of the absences of a parent—in that journal is the father—can evoke a sexual
deviation to the child. It is stated that the father has part in creating the son to be a homosexual. And since that transgender is a form of a sexual deviation
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as homosexuality does, the parental closeness or absences is essential to the matter.
However, the writer does not suggest that the absent of the father is the basis of the transgender, it is merely an example of how a parent’s absence taking a role in
the sexual deviation of a child. Therefore, the concept of absent mother is also one of the most crucial and needed concepts to the importance of this research.
E. Transgender
