4 Inductive instruction can place heavy demands in planning lesson
for teachers. 5
Inductive instruction can frustrate students who prefer like to be told the rule.
14
C. Deductive Instruction
1. The Concept of Deductive Instruction
Deductive instruction is adopted since GTM Grammar Translation Method used. In GTM, grammar is taught deductively.
15
It means that teacher gives the rules of the grammar, and explains with the examples of
the sentence that they are learning. And they will practice by using the rules that teacher had given. As Thornbury said deductive instruction is
giving the examples in which the application of the rules that teacher explains at the first presentation of the lesson.
16
Deductive instruction is also called as rule-driven learning or explicit instruction.
2. Procedure of Deductive Instruction in Teaching Simple
Present Tense
Allen and Valette stated that there are three steps of teaching grammar deductively:
a.
Statement of the rule or pattern At the first presentation, teachers state the rule or the pattern that
they want to teach to their students. It can be written or oral.
b.
Imitation of the sentence that teachers give in example After teachers state the rule and give the examples in a sentence,
students make the other sentence by themselves which is based on the rule that teachers stated.
14
Thornbury, op. cit,, p. 54.
15
Jack C. Richards and Theodore S. Rodgers, Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching Second Edition, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986, p. 4.
16
Thornbury, op. cit., p. 29.
c.
Practice the new pattern When understanding the pattern or rule, students are expected to do
more practice about that new pattern. Therefore they can memorize the rule and easy to make sentences in written or oral.
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The examples of simple present that is taught deductively; teacher gives the rule first:
The formula Subject + Verb1 ses + Object
Then teacher explains about the rule: what are subject, verb, and object. And he gives the examples, for instance:
I drive a car. He drives a car.
You drive a car. She drives a car.
We drive cars. It drives a car.
They drive cars. On the other hand, students have to remember the rule of simple present
tense to practice their writing in the exercises.
3. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Teaching Simple
Present TenseDeductively
Thornbury stated that there are some of advantages and disadvantages in teaching grammar deductively:
a. Advantages:
1 Deductive instruction can save teachers’ time in teaching because
it gets straight to the point. 2
For adult students, deductive instruction respects their intelligence and maturity, also admits their language acquisition
of cognitive process’ role. 3
For the students who have an analytical learning style, it confirms their expectation about teaching and learning process in
classroom.
17
Allen and Valette, op.cit., p. 85.
