control class and experimental class. Next, the two classes were given the different treatment
– control class was taught simple present tense by deductive instruction and experimental class by inductive instruction
– in four meetings. Then, post-test was given at the last meeting at control class
and experimental class.
E. Techniques of Data Analysis
The data of this research were analyzed by using t-test formula which is adapted by SuharsimiArikunto, as follows:
2
=
∑
=mean of gained score of control class ∑ = gained score of control class
= number of students of control class
=
∑
=mean of gained score of experimental class ∑ = gained score of experimental class
= number of students of experimental class
∑ =
∑ –
∑
∑ = deviation of control class
∑ = squared of control class’ gained score
∑ = gained score of control class = number of students of control class
2
Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik Edisi Revisi VI, Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta, 2006, p.311.
∑ =
∑ –
∑
∑ = deviation of experimental class
∑ = squared of experimental
class’ gained score ∑ = gained score of experimental class
= number of students of experimental class
√ Ʃ Ʃ
= value of hypotheses testing =mean of control class
=mean of experimental class ∑
= standard deviation of control class ∑
= standard deviation of experimental class = number of students of control class
= number of students of experimental class
= degrees of freedom = number of students of control class
= number of students of experimental class
F. Statistical Hypotheses
Statistically, the hypotheses are expressed as a follow: H
o
: μ
A
μ
B
H
a
: μ
A
μ
B
In which: H
o
= Null Hypothesis H
a
= Alternatif Hypothesis
μ
A
= students’ score in learning simple present tense, who are taught by inductive instruction.
μ
B
= students’ score in learning simple present tense, who are taught by deductive instruction.
The statistical hypotheses above means: If t-test t
o
t-table t
t
in significant degree of 0.05 5, it means that H
a
is rejected and H
o
is accepted. In other word, it is not effective to use inductive instruction in teaching simple present tense at the seventh
grade students of SMP Islam Bait Al-Rahman. If t-test t
o
t-table t
t
in significant degree of 0.05 5, it means that H
a
is accepted and H
o
is rejected. In other word, it is not effective to use inductive instruction in teaching simple present tense at the seventh
grade students of SMP Islam Bait Al-Rahman.
