b. The Functions of Textbook
According to Brown and Harcleroad 1983:384, a textbook has many functions as follows:
1 Individualization of Instruction
A textbook helps students to individualize instruction by enabling them to proceed at their own rate and to a limited extent, according to what they are
interested in studying. 2
Organization of Instruction A textbook helps students to organize instruction by providing them
experiences, suggested activities, recommended reading and question. Written textbooks give unity to classroom interaction and are graded to
introduce new concepts or contents they build upon what has preceded. 3
Tutorial Contribution A teacher often uses the textbooks to help students learn how to read better,
to study, to weigh evidence, and to solve problems. 4
Improvement of Teaching Textbook is also regarded as a helpful utility which is used by teachers to
improve their skills in teaching. By concerning to the function stated above, I conclude that the function of
a textbook is actually one of the visual aids used by teachers when they teach and explain the teaching materials. It also helps the students in getting a better
understanding of the materials given by teacher.
2.2.3.2 E-Book Electronic Book
Electronic book has become one of the choices of many people to be used as their reading. Electronic book is also available for the students in every level of
educations. In addition, the electronic book or e-book must be compatible with the School-Based Curriculum.
a. Definition of Electronic Book
The term „e-book‟ stands for electronic book. Moreover, according to Dhir 2004:
394, “The e-book is an electronic version of content normally contained in
newspaper, magazine, or book. The content is created and stored in computer file format that can be accessed by a variety of computer
hardware and software applications. E-book can be downloaded from the web or received as an email file attachment.
” The e-book used in this study was a textbook. Furthermore,
“the textbook is a reference book which has purpose to summarize knowledge
” Mc Tighe and Wiggins 2005:311. According to Carr 2001:44,
“textbook can be defined as materials distributed by a publisher as a set of instructional materials directed to
particular grade or unit levels or levels and areor to particular subject. ”
From the explanation above, it can be concluded that e-book which is used in this study is an electronic textbook which contains materials used in
teaching and learning process. In addition, there are some purposes of publishing electronic textbook
BSE according to the Department of the National Education. They are: 1
giving alternative sources for the students,
2 leading the students to be creative by the use of information and
communication technology, 3
giving the freedom for people to print, copy, and sell it without many difficult administration, and
4 giving a business chance for everyone that sells the book by the advantage up
to 15 according to the minister.
b. The Compatibility of Electronic Book
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