12 communication is English. It becomes the dominant language around the world, and
now more and more people use English as an international language. Language is also used to get knowledge, people can share or transfer the information that they
know to other people through English. From the statement above, it can be concluded that language is very important in our
social life. Through the language we can communicate, interact, share the information and to make a good relationship with other people in human life.
B. Concept of Teaching English as a Foreign Language
English is the language which is most-widely used by people all over the world. They
use it as either their native language, second language, or foreign language.
13
As a foreign language, English language called a target language. People in Indonesia use
English as a foreign language. It means that they do not use it as a means of their everyday communication. However, they just formally learn it at school as a
compulsory subject. They are learn four language skills i.e. listening, speaking, reading, and writing, and the components of language such as grammar, vocabulary
and pronunciation. Consequently, according to the objective of English instruction, they are expected to able to master the skills and communicate in both oral and
written forms.
13
Jeremy Harmer. 2007 The Practice of English Language Teaching,UK : Longman, p. 17
13 However, teaching English as a foreign language should be different from teaching it
as a second language. Setiyadi states that language teaching is influenced by ideas on the nature of language language theories and the learning conditions that make
learners to acquire the language learning theories. Differences in language theories may affect the selection of the teaching methods.
14
It means that in teaching English as a foreign language, the teacher should know what they do in order that he or she
can make his or her students learn it. In other words, the teacher should prepare the materials, instructions, and teaching techniques well. In addition, Brown states that
teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to
know or understand.
15
It means that teaching English is give knowledge to someone from not knowing to knowing.
English as the foreign language has different characteristic from our mother tongue, for example grammar and pronunciation. Grammar and pronunciation in English is
really different with our mother tongue. Sometimes the learners have difficulties in learning it, so the English teacher must be able to give motivation to the students to
increase their English competence. Besides, Finocchiaro and Bonomo state that the objectives of teaching English in
their principles of teaching English as a foreign language are:
14
Ag. Bambang Setiyadi, 2006. Teaching English as a Foreign Language, Yogyakarta, Graha Ilmu, p.20
15
H. Douglas Brown. 1994. Teaching Principles of Language and Teaching, New Jersey Prentice Hall Rgents, p.7
14 1.
To give the students‟ positive ability to understand the English that is used when spoken by native speakers.
2. To give the students‟ progress ability to read the material in English with
the comprehension, easiness, and enjoyment. 3.
To give the students‟ progressive ability to write correctly and creatively in English.
4. To give the students‟ progressive ability to carry out conversation to the
person in their group. 5.
To give information, knowledge, attitude, and insight to appreciate the cultural similarity and differences of English spoken by other.
16
Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that teaching is the process of transferring knowledge to the students in order to make them learn and use English in
both spoken and written forms. Teaching English as a foreign language there are many ways which are suitable with the condition itself. The teacher of English has to
determine the source of learning teaching process in class. The teacher should motivate, guide and create a good condition of the class. In addition, the teacher
should give students the chance to practice the target language, so they will easily get the ability and become skillful to use orally or in written form.
It is clear that the purpose of teaching learning English as a foreign language is to make the students master the language. To make that happen, the students should
16
Mary Finocchiaro and Michaael Bonomo. 1978. The Foreign Language Learners.
15 actively get involved in teaching learning process and do a lot of practices. The
teacher also should manage the class in good way and be creative in teaching learning process.
C. Concept of Grammar
