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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design
This research was qualitative research with one variable, because the goal of this research only want to know whether the students made errors in transforming
declarative into interrogative sentences or not. Bogdan and Taylor in Setiyadi state that qualitative research is a research that produces descriptive data in form of written
words or oral, from the subject and its behavior that can be observed. Therefore the goal is an individual understanding.
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In qualitative research, the data collected in the form of descriptive data, such as personal documents, field notes, the action of the
respondents, and documents.
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By the qualitative research, the reseacher focused the research on analyzing the students‟ errors in transforming declarative into
interrogative sentences at the second semester of MTsN 1 Tanggamus. The researcher observed the errors made by the students, then identified the errors
and finally classified the errors based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy.
B. Variable of the Research
In this research there was only one variable, that was students‟ grammatical errors in transforming declarative into interrogative sentences on their writing.
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Ag. Bambang Setiyadi, 2006, Metode Penelitian untuk Pengajaran Bahasa Asing, Yogyakarta, Graha Ilmu, p. 219
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Andi Prastowo, 2011, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, Jogjakarta, Ar-Ruzz Media, p. 43
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C. Subject of Research
The subject of the research was the students of the eighth grade at the second semester in the academic year 20162017 of MTsN 1 Tanggamus. There were seven
classes there, each class consists of 35-40 students and the total students of the eighth grade are 268 students. Total of the students in every class can be seen in the
following table: Table 2
The Students of the Eight Grade at the Second Semester of MTsN 1 Tanggamus in Academic Year 20162017
No Class
Male Female
Total
1 VIII.A
8 27
35
2 VIII.B
12 24
38
3 VIII.C
18 22
39
4 VIII.D
17 23
38
5 VIII.E
18 22
40
6 VIII.F
17 21
40
7 VIII.G
17 22
38 Total
127 181
268
Source: MTsN 1 Tanggamus
In this research the reseacher used purposive sampling technique to collect the subject. According to Arikunto
that Purposive sampling doesn‟t done by taking a subject instead based on a stratified, random, or region but it is based on a particular
purpose.
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The researcher took one class as a sample of this research, it is appropriate
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Suharsimi Arikunto, 2010,Prosedur Penelitian, Yogyakarta, Rineka Cipta, p. 121
49 with purposive sampling, that explain sampling is based on a specific purpose. So, in
this research sample is chosen based on purposive sampling technique. The sample in this research taken from population. A sample is a small subgroup
chosen from the larger population
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. Frankael states that sample is any part of a population of individuals on whom information is obtained.
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After known the score of interrogative sentences that given by the English teacher, in this research the
resarcher chose the class that got a lowest score to be analyzed, the researcher chose class VIII.E as the sample of the research.
D. Data Collecting Technique
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