B. The Variable of the Research
In this research there were two kinds of variables that investigated. Both of them are dependent and independent variable, they are:
1. Independent variable is the students’ mastery in using adjective X.
2. Dependent variable is the students ’ ability in writing descriptive text Y.
C. Operational Definition of Variables
1. The students’ mastery in using adjective is students’ ability to express or
create clear ideas of what the noun or pronoun tastes, smells, feels, looks, and sounds purpose to make the description more vivid and the readers can hear,
see, touch, taste, and smell what they are describing. 2.
The students’ ability in writing descriptive text is the students’ ability to produce a text which describe briefly certain kind of object such as a person,
a place, a thing, or an animal which fulfills the criteria of good writing, including content, organization, vocabulary, language, and mechanics.
D. Population, Sample and Sampling Technique 1. Population
Population is all individuals of interest to the researcher.
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Furthermore, according to Kothari, it is the total of items about which information is desired.
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The population of this research was students of the eighth grade of SMPN 1
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Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian:Suatu Pendekatan Praktik, 14
th
ed Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2013,p.173
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C.R Kothari, Op.Cit.,p.153
Talangpadang in the academic year of 20162017. The population was 137 students.
Table 3 The Population Based on the Number of the Eighth Grade of SMP N 1
Talangpadang No
Class Genders
Total Male
Female 1
VIII.1 12
22 34
2 VIII.2
13 21
34 3
VIII.3 12
22 34
4 VIII.4
15 20
35 TOTAL
52 85
137 Source: The Document of SMPN 1 Talangpadang.
2. Sampling technique
Sampling technique is the process of obtaining information about an entire population by examining only a part of it.
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In this research, the writer used cluster random sampling technique because the sample is in group and homogeneous and
took the sample from group of class. The process in determining the sample in cluster random sampling technique was done by using lottery. First, the writer
provided four pieces of paper, each pieces of paper contains the name of classes. Second, the pieces of paper were rolled and put in a glass. After that, the glass was
shaken and the writer took one piece of the rolled paper to choose a class as sample. Finally, the writer got VIII.2 as a sample of the research.
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C.R Kothari, Op.Cit.,p.152
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