18
which I like very much
brother
My old car is
repaired by
a mechanic
-
TonoTinishehe asked
by hisher to help her
mother job
c. Interrogative sentence
To Subject
V-ing Past
object Complement
be Participle
are They
being called
by their -
Instructor? The anime books
read by my big
- which I like very much
Brother?
is My old car
repaired By
a mechanic?
-
TonoTinisheHe asked
by hisher to help her
mother Job?
D. PATTERN DRILL
1. The Understanding of Pattern Drill
Pattern drill is a technique that has been used in foreign language classrooms for many years. It was a key feature of audio-lingual method
approaches,which placed emphasis on repeating structural patterns through oral practice.Drilling means listening to a model, provided by the teacher, or a tape or
another student and repeat what is heard.
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It is a technique that is still used by many teachers when introducing new language items to their students. In addition,
19
http:universityblog.wordpress.com tgl. 17 January 2013
19
according to Harmer states that drilling is mechanical ways if getting students to demonstrate and practice their ability to use specific language items in a
controlled manner.
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From those theories above, it can be concluded that drilling is a technique that has been used in foreign language classrooms which emphasis on
repeating structural pattern through oral practice to demonstrate students’ ability in using specific language items in a controlled manner.
Pattern drill also has principles which used in teaching English lesson in the classroom, those are:
1. The learners must know what they are saying. Make the meaning
evident as you present the utterance. This is a most important principle and it applies to every aspect of teaching.
2. Let the learners hear the pattern several times. They need to internalize
the form before they are called upon to reproduce it. 3.
Break down a long utterance into shorter parts. 4.
Do not force individuals to speak until there has been some chorus repetition to build up familiarity and confidence.
5. Keep the drill brisk and short. 40-60 seconds is about right for each
drill. Do not use more than six or so drills at one time. 6.
Give clear gestures to show who is to speak, rather than using names 7.
Show approval of well formed utterances, but leave verbal praise until afterwards.
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It is easy to use and can be conducted at any phase of the lesson. It is vital that everyone understands what is being practice. Where possible, use visual
prompts to convey the meaning. One or two briskly conducted pattern drill will ensure that everyone has been involved to same extent. If there are problems of
pronunciation or intonation or when students stumble over an expression, so we can used one of pattern drills to build up confidence in saying the part of dialogue,
to teach the words of a song or rhyme, or to give the learners the language their
20
Harmer Jeremy, The practice of English Language Teaching, UK, Longman, 1991,p183.
21
Cross David, A Practical Handbook of Language Teaching, London, British library cataloguing in Publication Data, 1991, p 40.
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need to play a language game. Pattern drill is easiest way to teach the students in the classroom language they need with teacher.
2. The Kinds of Pattern Drill
