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To make clear what happens in every phase. Here are the explanations:
This classroom action research is carried out by following several phases. Before entering the cycle of classroom action research, the writer
conducted the preliminary study in order to obtain data about the real condition of the teacher’s and the student’s problem in the teaching-learning
activities of English, especially in the teaching-learning of reading. In conducting the preliminary study, the writer carries out several
activities as follows a Observing the class condition b interviewing the English teachers in terms of the techniques and activities employed in
teaching reading c giving pre-test to the students in terms of recount text. After carrying out the preliminary study, then the writer goes on to the
next phase. The first cycle of action is done involving planning, acting, observing and reflecting.
1. Planning Phase
In this phase, the writer and the collaborator make some planning based on the finding of preliminary study. The following activities in this
action planning are designing lesson plan, determining technique, preparing materials and media, and determining criteria of success.
Designing lesson plan aims to provide the teacher with the guideline of teaching and learning activities. The lesson plan is included
the following items: specific instructional objectives, the instructional materials and media, procedure of presentation, and procedure of
assessment. The detail lesson plan can be seen in appendix. Next step is determining the technique; the writer saw the benefit of
it. In this case, the STAD technique is used in developing students’ reading
ability is applied. The writer des ign the group based on students’ score in
pre-test, the detail group can be seen in appendix. The following step is preparing materials and media. The materials
for implementing the action relate the text including main idea, supporting details, and schematic structures of the text. Taken from English text books
for the eighth grade students of junior high school:
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a. Buku teks kristono, Ismukoco, Esti Tri Andayani, Albert Tupan. “The
Bridge English Competence” for SMP Grade VIII, Yudhistira, Jakarta b.
Buku teks Mukarto, Sujatmiko, Josephine, Widya Kiswara. “English on Sky 2” for junior high school students year VIII, Erlangga, Jakarta.
c. Buku teks Wardiman, artono dkk “English in Focus” for grade VIII
Junior High School, Pusat Perbukuan Depdiknas, Jakarta Meanwhile, the media that are used in the action are: Hand out,
Paragraph strips, Empty papers. In addition in focus and laptop for showing the explanation through slide show.
The last step is determining the criteria of success. Classroom Action Research CAR is able to be called successful if it can exceed the
criterion which has been determined, and fail if it is cannot exceed the criterion which has been determined. In line with the research, the criteria
of success are decided based on the agreement between the writer and the collaborator English teacher are:
a. The student average scrore at least the same as or above 70.0
b. The students’ reading score improves at the same as the Minimum
Mastery Criterion- Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal KKM for English subject is students are required to achieve score 70 seventy which is
adapted from the school agreement SMPN 17 Tangerang Selatan. c.
It is considered successful if 70 25 out of 35 of the students could achieve some improvement scores from the pre-test until the second
post-test in cycle two at least the same as or above 70.0. If the criterion of the action success achieved, it means that the next
action of the Classroom Action Research CAR would be stopped, but if this condition has not been reached yet, the alternative action would be
done in the next cycle.
2. Acting Phase
