Sexual Assault Definition of Terms

act degrades women into a lower part than men. The theory she applies is Radical- Cultural Feminism. She applies the theory from Nussbaum, the seven notions, to conduct her research. The seven notions are instrumentality, denial autonomy, inertness, fungibility, violability, ownership, and denial subjectivity. Applying the seven notions, Permatasari finds that objectification of women happens to Anastasia Steele because her characteristics fulfill the seven notions. First, Steele has instrumentality in herself. Instrumentality means that she is regarded as the tool for sexual purposes. She fulfills this first objectification because of her beauty, sexual attraction, and age. Second, in denial autonomy, she cannot control herself and depends on someone else, and therefore she allows Grey to control her. Third, she is made to be passive and has no strength compared to Grey which is counted as inertness. Fourth, fungibility refers to someone who can be replaced. Steele fulfills this notion because she is the same with the former fifteen submissives. Fifth, in violability, someone is objectified to be violable, and Steele is described as abused by Grey. Sixth, the ownership notion matches with Steele in the context that she is considered as something owned by Grey. The last, in denial subjectivity, Steele‘s feeling is not counted and ignored. Perm atasari‘s study is different from the writer‘s because the writer uses Gender Perspective and Theory of Class in the study. The writer focuses on how sexual assault is viewed as gender and class oppression, experienced by Anastasia Steele and conducted by Christian Grey in Fifty Shades of Grey . The second one is from Bilyarta‘s study. In his study, he finds that there is an abnormality of Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele‘s sexual behavior. Using the Psychological Approach, he reveals that the characteristics of both Grey and Steele contribute to the sexual abnormality. Grey is described as a person who is dominating, sex-addicted, and cruel. He likes to have sex based on BDSM relationship, which guarantees him to play dominant-submissive role. By doing so, he is able to take control over his submissive and inflict pain to her to gain his sexual pleasure. His characteristics contribute to support his sadism. Meanwhile, Steele is described as a person with characteristics of self-defeating, self- sacrificing, and insecure. She often feels that she does not deserve good things, therefore it is acceptable for her to receive the pain. She also would like to sacrifice herself for others and do whatever others want her to do. Her self- sacrificing characteristics contribute well for her to be a masochist. Further, Bilyarta explains that having a BDSM relationship reflects that both of the characters are sadomasochism. Grey, as the dominant, likes to give pain to Steele to gain sexual pleasure. Steele, as the submissive, enjoys receiving the pain given by Grey, in order to maintain their relationship. From this point, it can be seen that the writer‘s study is different from Bilyarta‘s. Bilyarta focuses on the characteristics of both main characters which contribute to their sexual abnormality, called sadomasochism. The writer‘s, instead, focuses on how sexual assault is viewed as gender and class oppression, experienced by Anastasia Steele and conducted by Christian Grey in Fifty Shades of Grey .