Minimum requirements in ILO social security standards: Overview tables Table 2. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on health protection
Annex I. Minimum requirements in ILO social security standards: Overview tables Table 2. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on health protection
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 130 a and Recommendation No. 134 b Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
What should
Any ill health condition, whatever
The need for medical care of curative and preventive
Any condition requiring health care,
be covered?
its cause; pregnancy, childbirth
nature
including maternity
and their consequences
In te
Who should
At least:
C.130: All employees, including apprentices, and
At least all residents and children, rn a
be covered?
– 50% of all employees, and
their wives and children; or
subject to the country ’s existing tio
wives and children; or
categories of the active population forming not less
international obligations
– categories of the economically
than 75% of whole active population, and the wives
ls
ta
active population (forming not
d less than 20% of all n prescribed class of residents forming not less than a residents, and wives and
and children); or
rd
75% of all residents
children); or
R.134: In addition: persons in casual employment and
– 50% of all residents
their families, members of employers ’ families living in their house and working for them, all economically
active persons and their families, all residents
n a ig r h ts
in st 235
m ru
e n ts
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 130 a and Recommendation No. 134 b Recommendation No. 202
ild
in g s
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
What should
In case of ill health: general
C.130: The medical care required by the person ’s
Goods and services constituting at least ia
essential health care, including lp
the benefit be?
practitioner care, specialist care
condition, with a view to maintaining, restoring or
maternity care, meeting accessibility, ro
at hospitals, essential medications
improving health and ability to work and attend to
te
and supplies, hospitalization if
personal needs, including at least: general practitioner
availability, acceptability and quality
c tio
necessary
care, specialist care at hospitals, allied care and
criteria; free prenatal and post ‑ natal n
medical care for the most vulnerable; s
In case of pregnancy, childbirth
benefits, essential medical supplies, hospitalization if
ys
and their consequences: prenatal,
necessary, dental care and medical rehabilitation
higher levels of protection should be te m
childbirth and post ‑ natal care by
R.134: Also the supply of medical aids (e.g.
provided to as many people as possible, s
medical practitioners and
eyeglasses) and services for convalescence
as soon as possible
qualified midwives, hospitalization if necessary
What should
As long as ill health, or pregnancy
C.130: Throughout the contingency.
As long as required by the health status
the benefit
and childbirth and their
May be limited to 26 weeks where a beneficiary
duration be?
consequences, persist. May be
ceases to belong to the categories of persons
limited to 26 weeks in each case
protected, unless he/she is already receiving medical
of sickness. Benefit should not be
care for a disease requiring prolonged care, or as long
suspended while beneficiary
as he/she is paid a cash sickness benefit
receives sickness benefits or is
R.134: Throughout the contingency
treated for a disease recognized as requiring prolonged care
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 130 a and Recommendation No. 134 b Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
What conditions
Qualifying period may be
C.130: Qualifying period may be prescribed as
Persons in need of health care should
can be prescribed
prescribed as necessary to
necessary to preclude abuse
not face hardship and an increased risk
for entitlement
preclude abuse
R.134: Right to benefit should not be subject to
of poverty due to financial
to a benefit?
qualifying period
consequences of accessing essential health care Should be defined at national level and prescribed by law, applying principles of non-discrimination, responsiveness to special needs and social inclusion, and ensuring the rights and dignity of people
a Medical Care and Sickness Benefits Convention, 1969.
b Medical Care and Sickness Benefits Recommendation, 1959.
In te
Table 3. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on sickness benefits
a rn
tio
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 130 and Recommendation No. 134
Recommendation No. 202
ls
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
ta
rd At least basic income security for those
What should
Incapacity to work resulting from
C.130: Incapacity to work resulting from sickness
be covered?
illness that results in the
and involving suspension of earnings
who are unable to earn a sufficient n a d
suspension of income
R.134: Also covers periods of absence from work
income due to sickness m u
resulting in loss of earnings due to convalescence, curative or preventative medical care, rehabilitation
or quarantine, or due to caring for dependants
h ig r ts
in st 237
ru m
e n ts
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 130 and Recommendation No. 134
Recommendation No. 202
ild
in g o s c
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
At least all residents of active age, subject ia
Who should
At least:
C.130: All employees, including apprentices; or
to the country ’s existing international lp
be protected?
– 50% of all employees; or
categories of economically active population (forming
ro
– categories of the economically
not less than 75% of whole economically active
obligations
c te
active population (forming not
population); or
n tio s
less than 20% of all
all residents with means under prescribed threshold
residents); or
R.134: Extension to persons in casual employment,
ys
– all residents with means
members of employers ’ families living in their house
m te
under a prescribed threshold
and working for them, all economically active persons,
all residents
What should
Periodic payments; at least 45% of
C.130: Periodic payments: at least 60% of reference
Benefits in cash or in kind at a level that
be the benefit?
reference wage
wage; in case of death of the beneficiary, benefit for
ensures at least basic income security, so
funeral expenses
as to secure effective access to necessary
R.134: Benefit should be 66.66% of reference wage
goods and services; prevents or alleviates poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion; and enables life in dignity
What should
As long as the person remains
C.130: As long as the person remains unable to
As long as the incapacity to earn a
the benefit
unable to engage in gainful
engage in gainful employment due to illness; possible
sufficient income due to sickness remains
duration be?
employment due to illness;
waiting period of max three days before benefit is
possible waiting period of max.
paid; benefit duration may be limited to 52 weeks in
three days before benefit is paid;
each case of sickness
benefit duration may be limited to
R.134: Benefit should be paid for full duration of
26 weeks in each case of sickness
sickness or other contingencies covered
What conditions
Qualifying period may be
C.130: Qualifying period may be prescribed as
Should be defined at national level, and
can be prescribed
prescribed as necessary to prevent
necessary to prevent abuse
prescribed by law, applying principles of
for entitlement
abuse
non-discrimination,
responsiveness to
to a benefit?
special needs and social inclusion, and ensuring the rights and dignity of people
Table 4. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on unemployment protection
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 168 a and Recommendation No. 176 b Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
What should
Suspension of earnings due to
C.168: Loss of earnings due to inability to find
At least basic income security for those
be covered?
inability to find suitable
suitable employment for capable and available person
who are unable to earn sufficient income
employment for capable and
actively seeking work. Protection should be extended to
in case of unemployment
available person
loss of earnings due to partial unemployment, suspension or reduction of earnings due to temporary suspension of work, part-time workers seeking full-time work
R.176: Provides guidance for assessing suitability of potential employment
Who should
At least:
C.168: At least 85% of employees, including public
At least all residents of active age,
be protected?
– 50% of all employees; or
employees and apprentices; all residents with means
subject to the country ’s existing
– all residents with means
under prescribed threshold. Coverage should be
international obligations In
under prescribed threshold
extended to persons seeking work who have never been,
te
a rn
or have ceased to be, recognized as unemployed or
n tio
covered by unemployment protection schemes
R.176: Coverage should be extended progressively to
ls
all employees as well as to persons experiencing
n ta d
hardship during waiting period
a rd
Benefits in cash or in kind at a level s
What should
Periodic payments; at least 45% of
C.168: Periodic payments: at least 50% of reference
be the benefit?
reference wage
wage; or total benefits must guarantee the beneficiary
that ensures at least basic income
security, so as to secure effective access u h
healthy and reasonable living conditions
to necessary goods and services; m n earnings from the part-time work should reach the sum a prevents or alleviates poverty, ig of previous earnings from full-time work and the r vulnerability and social exclusion; and h amount of full unemployment benefit
R.176: For partial employment: total benefit and
enables life in dignity ts in st 239
ru m
e n ts
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 168 a and Recommendation No. 176 b Recommendation No. 202
ild
g in s
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
As long as the incapacity to earn a ia
What should
For schemes covering employees:
C.168: Throughout the unemployment period;
sufficient income remains lp
the benefit
At least 13 weeks of benefits
possibility to limit initial duration of payment of the
ro
duration be?
within a period of 12 months
benefit to 26 weeks in case of unemployment or
te
For means-tested
39 weeks over any period of 24 months; possible
c tio
(non-contributory) schemes:
waiting period of max seven days
At least 26 weeks within a period
R.176: Benefit duration should be extended until
ys
of 12 months
pensionable age for unemployed persons who have
te m
Possible waiting period of max
reached a prescribed age
seven days
What conditions
Qualifying period may be
C.168: Qualifying period may be prescribed as
Should be defined at national level, and
can be prescribed
prescribed as necessary to prevent
necessary to prevent abuse
prescribed by law, applying principles of
for entitlement
abuse
R.176: Qualifying period should be adapted or waived
non-discrimination, responsiveness to
to a benefit?
for new jobseekers
special needs and social inclusion, and ensuring the rights and dignity of people
b Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Recommendation, 1988.
a Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Convention, 1988.
Table 5. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on income security in old age (old-age pensions)
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 128 a and Recommendation No. 131 b Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
What should
Survival beyond a prescribed age
C.128: Same as C.102; also, the prescribed age
At least basic income security for older
be covered?
(65 or higher according to working
should be lower than 65 for persons with occupations
persons
ability of elderly persons in country)
deemed arduous or unhealthy R.131: In addition, the prescribed age should be
lowered based on social grounds
Who should
At least:
C.128: All employees, including apprentices; or
All residents of a nationally prescribed
be protected?
– 50% of all employees; or
categories of economically active population (forming
age, subject to the country ’s existing
– categories of active
not least 75% of whole economically active
international obligations
population (forming not less
population); or
than 20% of all residents); or
all residents or all residents with means under
– all residents with means
prescribed threshold
under prescribed threshold
In
R.131: Coverage should be extended to persons whose
te
employment is of casual nature; or all economically
a active persons rn
tio
Benefits in cash or in kind at a level ls
What should
Periodic payments: at least 40%
C.128: Periodic payments: at least 45% of reference
that ensures at least basic income n ta
be the benefit?
of reference wage; adjustment
wage; adjustment following substantial changes in
following substantial changes in
general level of earnings and/or cost of living
security, so as to secure effective access
to necessary goods and services; rd
general level of earnings and/or
R.131: At least 55% of reference wage; minimum
prevents or alleviates poverty, s
cost of living
amount of old-age benefit should be fixed by legislation
to ensure a minimum standard of living; level of benefit
vulnerability and social exclusion; and
should be increased if beneficiary requires constant
enables life in dignity. Levels should be
help
regularly reviewed
h ig ts
What should
From the prescribed age to the
From the prescribed age to the death of beneficiary
From the nationally prescribed age to
the benefit
death of beneficiary
the death of beneficiary in
st 241
duration be?
ru m
e n ts
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 128 a and Recommendation No. 131 b Recommendation No. 202
ild
in g o s c
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
Should be defined at national level and ia
What conditions
30 years of contribution or
C.128: Same as C.102
prescribed by law, applying the lp
can be prescribed
employment (for contributory
R.131: 20 years of contributions or employment (for
principles of non-discrimination, ro
for entitlement
schemes) or 20 years of residence
contributory schemes) or 15 years of residence (for
te
to a benefit?
(for non-contributory schemes)
non-contributory schemes)
social inclusion, and ensuring the rights tio n
responsiveness to special needs and
Entitlemet to a reduced benefit
Periods of incapacity due to sickness, accident or
and dignity of older persons s
after 15 years of contribution or
maternity, and periods of involuntary unemployment, in
ys
employment
respect of which benefit was paid, and compulsory
te m
military service, should be assimilated to periods of
contribution or employment for calculation of the qualifying period fulfilled
a Invalidity, Old-Age and Survivors ’ Benefits Convention, 1967.
b Invalidity, Old-Age and Survivors ’ Benefits Recommendation, 1967.
Table 6. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on employment injury protection
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 121 a and Recommendation No. 121 b Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
What should
Ill health; and incapacity for work
C.121: Same as C.102.
At least basic income security for those
be covered?
due to work-related accident or
who are unable to earn a sufficient
disease, resulting in suspension of
income due to employment injury
earnings; total loss of earning capacity or partial loss at a prescribed degree, likely to be permanent, or corresponding loss of faculty; loss of support for the family in case of death of breadwinner
Convention No. 102 Minimum standards
Convention No. 121 a and Recommendation No. 121 b
Higher standards
Recommendation No. 202 Basic protection
Who should
be protected?
At least 50% of all employees and their wives and children
C.121: All public and private sector employees including members of cooperatives and apprentices; in case of death, spouse, children and other dependants as prescribed
R.121: Coverage should be extended progressively to all categories of employees and other dependent family members (parents, brothers and sisters, and grandchildren)
At least all residents of active age, subject to the country ’s existing international obligations
What should the benefit be?
Medical care and allied benefits: General practitioner, specialist, dental care, nursing care; medication, rehabilitation, prosthetics etc., with a view to maintaining, restoring or improving health and ability to work and attend to personal needs
Cash benefits: Periodic payments: at least 50% of reference wage in cases of incapacity to work or invalidity; at least 40% of reference wage in cases of death of breadwinner Adjustment of long-term benefits following substantial changes in general level of earnings and/or cost of living
Lump sum if incapacity is slight and competent authority is satisfied that the sum will be used properly
C.121: Medical care: Same as C.102; also at the emergency and follow-up treatment at place of work
Cash benefits: Periodic payments: at least 60% of reference wage in cases of incapacity for work or invalidity; at least 50% of reference wage in case of death of breadwinner
Lump sum: Same conditions as C.102, plus consent of injured person required
R.121: Costs of constant help or attendance should be covered when such care is required Cash benefit: not less than 66.67% of previous earnings; adjustment of long-term benefits taking into account general levels of earnings or cost of living Lump sum allowed where degree of incapacity is less than 25%; should bear an equitable relationship to periodic payments and not be less than periodic payments for three years
Benefits in cash or in kind at a level that ensures at least basic income security, so as to secure effective access to necessary goods and services; prevents or alleviates poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion; and enables life in dignity. Levels should be regularly reviewed
Convention No. 102
Convention No. 121 a and Recommendation No. 121 b Recommendation No. 202
ild
g in
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
As long as the incapacity to earn a ia
What should
As long as the person is in need of
C.121: As long as the person is in need of health care
sufficient income remains lp
the benefit
health care or remains
or remains incapacitated
ro
duration be?
incapacitated
R.121: In addition, cash benefits should be paid from
c te
No waiting period except for
first day in each case of suspension of earnings
tio
temporary incapacity to work for a
s ys te m
maximum of three days
What conditions
No qualifying period allowed for
C.121: Same as C.102
Should be defined at national level and s
can be prescribed
benefits to injured persons
prescribed by law, applying the
for entitlement
For dependants, benefit may be
principles of non-discrimination,
to a benefit?
made conditional on spouse being
responsiveness to special needs and
presumed incapable of self-
social inclusion, and ensuring the rights
support and children remaining
and dignity of the injured people
under a prescribed age
a Employment Injury Benefits Convention, 1964.
b Employment Injury Benefits Recommendation, 1964.
Table 7. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on family/child benefits
ILO Convention No. 102
ILO Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Basic protection
What should
Responsibility for child maintenance
At least basic income security for children
be covered?
Who should
At least 50% of all employees; or
All children
be protected?
categories of active population (forming not less than 20% of all residents; or all residents with means under prescribed threshold
What should
Periodic payments; or
Benefits in cash or in kind at a level that ensures at least basic
the benefit be?
provision for food, clothing, housing, holidays or domestic help;
income security for children, providing access to nutrition,
or
education, care and other necessary goods and services
combination of both
In
Total value of benefits calculated at a global level:
te rn
at least 3% of reference wage multiplied by number of children
n tio
of covered people; or
a least 1.5% of reference wage multiplied by number of children
ls ta n
of all residents
What should
At least from birth to 15 years of age or school-leaving age
For the duration of childhood
rd
the benefit duration
be?
What conditions
Three months ’ contributions or employment (for contributory or
Should be defined at national level and prescribed by law, applying
can be prescribed
employment based schemes);
the principles of non-discrimination, responsiveness to special needs ig r
for entitlement
one year ’s residence (for non-contributory schemes)
and social inclusion, and ensuring the rights and dignity of children
h ts
in st 245
to a benefit?
ru m
e n ts
Table 8. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on maternity protection
u ild
g in
ILO Convention No. 102
ILO Convention No. 183 a and Recommendation No. 191 b ILO Recommendation No. 202
c o ia lp
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
Goods and services constituting ro
What should
Medical care required by
C.183: Medical care required by pregnancy, child birth and
te
be covered?
pregnancy, confinement and
their consequences; resulting lost wages
essential maternity health care
tio
their consequences; resulting
R.191: Same as C.183
At least basic income security for those n
who are unable to earn a sufficient s
lost wages
ys income due to maternity
m te s
Who should
At least:
C.183: All employed women including those in atypical
At least all women who are residents,
be protected?
– 50% of all women
forms of dependant work
subject to the country ’s international
employees; or
R.191: Same as C.183
obligations
– all women in categories of the active population (forming not less than
20% of all residents); or – all women with means under prescribed threshold
What should
Medical benefits:
C.183:
Medical benefits: should meet criteria of
the benefit be?
At least:
Medical benefits:
availability, accessibility, acceptability
– prenatal, confinement and
At least prenatal, childbirth and post-natal care by
and quality; free prenatal and post-natal
post-natal care by qualified
qualified practitioners; hospitalization if necessary
medical care should be considered for
practitioners;
Daily remunerated breaks or reduced hours for
the most vulnerable
– hospitalization if necessary
breastfeeding
Benefits in cash or in kind: should
Cash benefits:
Cash benefits:
ensure at least basic income security, so as to secure effective access to
periodic payment: at least 45%
At least 66.67% of previous earnings; should maintain
necessary goods and services, and be at
of the reference wage
mother and child in proper conditions of health and a
a level that prevents or alleviates
suitable standard of living
poverty, vulnerability and social
R.191: Cash benefits should be raised to the full amount
exclusion and enables life in dignity.
of the woman ’s previous earnings
Levels should be regularly reviewed
ILO Convention No. 102
ILO Convention No. 183 a and Recommendation No. 191 b ILO Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
What should
At least 12 weeks for cash
C.183: 14 weeks ’ maternity leave, including 6 weeks’
As long as the incapacity to earn a
the benefit
benefits
compulsory leave after childbirth; additional leave before or
sufficient income remains
duration be?
after maternity leave in case of illness, complications or risk of complications arising from pregnancy or childbirth R.191: 18 weeks ’ maternity leave Extension of the maternity leave in the event of multiple births
What conditions
As considered necessary to
C.183: Conditions must be met by a large majority of
Should be defined at national level and
can be prescribed
preclude abuse
women; those who do not meet conditions are entitled to
prescribed by law, applying the
for entitlement
social assistance
principles of non-discrimination,
to a benefit?
R.191: Same as C.183
responsiveness to special needs and social inclusion, and ensuring the rights and dignity of women
In te
a Maternity Protection Convention, 2000. b Maternity Protection Recommendation, 2000.
a rn tio n
a ls ta n
d a rd
a n ig r h ts
in st 247
ru m
e n ts
Table 9. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on disability benefits
u ild
g in
ILO Convention No. 102
ILO Convention No. 128 and Recommendation No. 131
ILO Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
c ia lp
At least basic income security for those ro
What should
Inability to engage in any
C.128: Incapacity to engage in any gainful activity, likely
te
be covered?
gainful activity, likely to be
c permanent, or that persists
to be permanent, or that persists beyond temporary or
who are unable to earn a sufficient
income due to disability tio n
s ys invalidity)
initial incapacity (total invalidity)
beyond sickness benefit (total
R.131: Incapacity to engage in an activity involving
substantial gain (total and partial invalidity)
te m s
Who should
At least:
C.128: All employees, including apprentices; or
At least all residents, subject to the
be protected?
country ’s existing international – categories of the active
– 50% of all employees; or
at least 75% of economically active population; or
all residents or all residents with means under prescribed
obligations
population (forming not
threshold
less than 20% of all
R.131: Coverage should be extended to persons in casual
residents); or
employment and all economically active persons
– all residents with means
under prescribed threshold
What should
Periodic payment: at least 40%
C.128: Periodic payment: at least 50% of reference wage
Benefits in cash or in kind at a level
the benefit be?
that ensures at least basic income Adjustment following
of reference wage
R.131: Periodic payment should be increased to at least
security, so as to secure effective access substantial changes in general
60% of reference wage
to necessary goods and services; level of earnings and/or cost of
Reduced benefit for partial invalidity
prevents or alleviates poverty, living
vulnerability and social exclusion; and enables life in dignity
What should
As long as the person remains
As long as the person remains incapacitated or until old-
As long as the incapacity to earn a
the benefit
unable to engage in gainful
age pension is paid
sufficient income remains
duration be?
employment or until old-age pension is paid
ILO Convention No. 102
ILO Recommendation No. 202 Minimum standards
ILO Convention No. 128 and Recommendation No. 131
Higher standards
Basic protection
What conditions
15 years of contributions or
C.128: 15 years of contributions (for contributory
No specific indication; entitlement
can be prescribed
employment (for contributory
schemes) or employment, or 10 years of residence (for
conditions should be defined at national
for entitlement
schemes) or 10 years of
non-contributory schemes)
level, applying the principles of non-
to a benefit?
discrimination, responsiveness to schemes); entitlement to a
residence (for non-contributory
Entitlement to a reduced benefit after five years of
special needs and social inclusion and reduced benefit after five years
contributions or three years of residence
ensuring the rights and dignity of of contributions or three years of
R.131: Five years of contributions, employment or
persons with disabilities; they should be residence.
residence; qualifying period should be removed (or
reduced) for young workers or where invalidity is due to an
prescribed by law
accident Periods of incapacity due to sickness, accident or maternity and periods of involuntary unemployment, in respect of which benefit was paid, and compulsory military service, should be assimilated to periods of contribution or employment for calculation of the qualifying period fulfilled
In te rn a
tio n
a ls ta n
d a rd
a n ig r h ts
in st 249
ru m
e n ts
Table 10. Main requirements: ILO social security standards on survivors ’ benefits u
ild
g in
ILO Convention No. 102
ILO Convention No. 128 and Recommendation No. 131
ILO Recommendation No. 202
Minimum standards
Higher standards
Basic protection
c ia lp
At least basic income security for ro
What should
c be covered? te in the event of death of the breadwinner
Widow ’s or children’s loss of support
C.128: Widow ’s or children’s loss of support in case of
death of breadwinner
those who are unable to earn a
sufficient income due to the tio n
R.131: Same as C.128
absence of family support. s
ys te m
Who should
Wives and children of breadwinners
C.128: Wives, children and other dependants of
At least all residents and children, s
be protected?
subject to the country ’s existing employees; or
representing at least 50% of all
employees or apprentices; or
international obligations wives and children of members of
wives, children and other dependants forming not less
than 75% of active persons; or
economically active persons
all widows, children and other dependants who are
representing at least 20% of all
residents or who are residents and whose means are
residents; or
under prescribed threshold.
all resident widows and children with
R.131: In addition, coverage should progressively be
means under prescribed threshold
extended to wives and children and other dependants of persons in casual employment or all economically active persons. Also, an invalid and dependent widower should enjoy same entitlements as a widow
What should
Periodic payment: at least 40% of
C.128: Periodic payment: at least 45% of reference
Benefits in cash or in kind should
the benefit be?
reference wage
ensure at least basic income Adjustment following substantial
wage. Rates must be adjusted to cost of living
security so as to secure effective changes in general level of earnings
R.131: Benefits should be increased to at least 55% of
access to necessary goods and and/or cost of living
reference wage; a minimum survivors ’ benefit should be
fixed to ensure a minimum standard of living
services at a level that prevents or alleviates poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion and enables life in dignity. Levels should be regularly reviewed
ILO Convention No. 102
ILO Recommendation No. 202 Minimum standards
ILO Convention No. 128 and Recommendation No. 131
Higher standards
Basic protection
What should
Until children reach active age; no
C.128 and R.131: Until children reach active age or
As long as the incapacity to earn a
the benefit
limitation for widows
longer if disabled; no limitation for widows.
sufficient income remains
duration be?
What conditions
15 years of contributions or
C.128: Same as C.102; In addition, possible to require a
Should be defined at national level
can be prescribed
employment (for contributory or
prescribed age for widow, not higher than that prescribed
and prescribed by law, applying the
for entitlement
employment based schemes) or
for old-age benefit. No requirement of age for an invalid
principles of non-discrimination,
to a benefit?
responsiveness to special needs and non-contributory schemes);
10 years of residence (for
widow or a widow caring for a dependent child of
social inclusion, and ensuring the entitlement to a reduced benefit
deceased.
rights and dignity of people. after five years of contributions
R.131: Same as C.128; Periods of incapacity due to
sickness, accident or maternity and periods of involuntary
For widows, benefits may be
unemployment, in respect of which benefit was paid and
conditional on being incapable of self-
compulsory military service, should be assimilated to
support; for children, until 15 years of
periods of contribution or employment for calculation of
age or school-leaving age
the qualifying period fulfilled.
In te rn a
tio
a n ls ta n
d a rd
a n ig r h ts
in st 251
ru m
e n ts
B u ild in
Annex II. Table of ratification of ILO up-to-date social security conventions
ia lp ro
Table 11. Ratification of ILO up-to-date social security conventions, by region
te c n tio
Branch
s Migrant
ys Medical care
Survivors workers a m te
injury
b C.118
C.118 C.157
Africa Benin
C.183 (2012)
Burkina Faso
C.183 (2013)
Cabo Verde C.118 (1987) C.118 (1987) C.118 (1987) C.118 (1987) C.118 (1987) C.118 (1987) C.118 (1987) C.118 (1987) C.118 (1987) Central African
C.118 (1964) Republic
C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964)
Chad
C.102 (2015) C.102 (2015) C.102 (2015)
C.102 (2015) C.102 (2015)
Congo, Democratic
C.102 (1987)
C.102 (1987)
C.102 (1987) C.102 (1987)
Republic of the
C.121 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967)
C.118 (1967) Egypt
C.118 (1967)
C.118 (1993) C.118 (1993) C.118 (1993) C.118 (1993) C.118 (1993) C.118 (1993) C.118 (1993) C.118 (1993) C.118 (1993) Guinea
C.121 (1967)
C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) Kenya
C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967)
C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967)
C.118 (1971) C.118 (1971) C.118 (1971) Libya
C.118 (1971)
C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975)
C.130 (1975) C.130 (1975)
C.128 (1975) C.128 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975) C.118 (1975)
C.128 (1975) C.121 (1975)
C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964)
C.118 (1964)
Migrant Medical care
Survivors workers a
C.118 b
C.118 C.157
C.102 (1968) C.102 (1968) C.102 (1968)
C.102 (1968) C.102 (1968)
C.118 (1968) C.118 (1968) C.118 (1968) Morocco
C.118 (1968) C.118 (1968) C.118 (1968)
C.183 (2011)
Niger
C.102 (1966) C.102 (1966) C.102 (1966) C.102 (1966)
Rwanda
C.118 (1989) C.118 (1989) C.118 (1989) Sao Tome and
C.118 (1989) C.118 (1989)
C.183 (2017) 1 Principe
Senegal
C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962)
C.102 (2013) C.102 (2013)
C.102 (2013)
Tunisia C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965)
C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016)
Barbados
C.102 (1972)
C.102 (1972) C.102 (1972)
C.102 (1972) C.102 (1972)
C.128 (1972)
C.128 (1972)
C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) Belize
C.118 (1974)
C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974)
C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977)
C.128 (1977) C.128 (1977) of
Plurinational State C.130 (1977) C.130 (1977)
C.128 (1977) C.121 (1977)
C.118 (1977) Brazil
C.118 (1977) C.118 (1977)
C.118 (1977) C.118 (1977)
C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009)
C.168 (1993)
C.118 (1969) C.118 (1969) C.118 (1969) C.118 (1969) 253
C.118 (1969) C.118 (1969)
C.118 (1969) C.118 (1969)
Chile
C.121 (1999)
Migrant ild Medical care
Survivors workers a in g
C.128 ia
C.102
C.118 b c
C.118 C.157 lp
Costa Rica
tio C.130 (1972) C.130 (1972)
C.102 (1972) C.102 (1972) C.102 (1972) C.102 (1972) C.102 (1972) C.102 (1972) C.102 (1972)
n s Cuba
ys Dominican
m te Republic
C.183 (2004)
s Ecuador
C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016)
C.183 (2016)
C.102 (1974)
C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974)
C.128 (1978) C.128 (1978) C.118 (1970) C.118 (1970)
C.130 (1978) C.130 (1978)
C.128 (1978) C.121 (1978)
C.118 (1970) C.118 (1970) C.118 (1970) C.118 (1970) Guatemala
C.118 (1970)
C.118 (1963) Honduras
C.118 (1963)
C.102 (2012) C.102 (2012)
C.102 (2012)
C.102 (2012) C.102 (2012) C.102 (2012)
Mexico
C.102 (1961) C.102 (1961) C.102 (1961) C.102 (1961) C.102 (1961) C.102 (1961) C.102 (1961)
C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978) Peru
C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978)
C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978)
C.102 (1961) C.102 (1961)
C.102 (1961)
C.102 (1961) C.102 (1961)
C.183 (2016)
Saint-Vincent and C.102 (2015) C.102 (2015)
C.102 (2015) C.102 (2015)
C.102 (2015) C.102 (2015) C.102 (2015)
the Grenadines Suriname
C.118 (1976) Uruguay
C.118 (1976)
C.102 (2010) C.102 (2010)
3 C.102 (2010) C.102 (2010)
C.130 (1973) C.130 (1973) C.128 (1973) C.121 (1973) C 128 (1973) C.128 (1973) C.118 (1983) C.118 (1983) C.118 (1983)
C.118 (1983) Venezuela,
C.118 (1983) C.118 (1983) C.118 (1983)
C.102 (1982) C.102 (1982) C.102 (1982) C.102 (1982) C.102 (1982) C.102 (1982) C.102 (1982)
Bolivarian C.130 (1982) C.130 (1982) C.128 (1983) C.121 (1982) C.128 (1983) C.128 (1983) Republic of
C.118 (1982) C.118 (1982) C.118 (1982) C.118 (1982) C.118 (1982) C.118 (1982) C.118 (1982) C.118 (1982)
Migrant Medical care
Survivors workers a
C.118 b
C.118 C.157
Country Arab States
Iraq C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978)
C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978) Jordan
C.118 (1978) C.118 (1978)
C.102 (2014) C.102 (2014) C.102 (2014) C.102 (2014)
C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963) Syrian Arab
C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963) Republic
C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963)
Asia and the Pacific
Azerbaijan
C.183 (2010)
C.118 (1972) India
C.118 (1964) Japan
C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964)
C.118 (1964)
C.102 (1976) C.102 (1976) C.102 (1976) C.102 (1976)
Kyrgyzstan C.157 (2008) Pakistan
C.118 (1969) Philippines
C.118 (1969)
C.118 (1969)
C.118 (1994) C.118 (1994)
C.118 (1994) C.118 (1994)
C.118 (1994) C.118 (1994) C.118 (1994) C.118 (1994) C.157 (1994)
Europe
Albania
C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006)
C.102 (1978) C.102 (1969)
C.102 (1969) C.102 (1969)
C.128 (1969)
C.183 (2004)
Belarus
C.183 (2004)
Migrant ild Medical care
Survivors workers a in g
C.128 ia
C.118 b c
C.118 C.157 lp
C.102 (1959) C.102 (1959) C.102 (1959) C.102 (1959)
C.102 (1959) C.102 (1959) C.102 (1959) C.102 (1959) C.102 (1959)
C.168 (2011) C.128 (2017) 4
4 4 C.121 (1970) C.128 (2017) 4 C.128 (2017) 4 (2017) n (2017) s ys
Bosnia and
m te Herzegovina
C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993)
C.102 (1993)
C.102 (1993)
s Bulgaria
C.121 (1993)
C.183 (2010)
C.102 (2008) C.102 (2008) C.102 (2016) 5 C.102 (2008) C.102 (2008) C.102 (2008) C.102 (2008)
C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991)
C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991)
C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991)
C.128 (1969) Czech Republic
C.121 (1966)
C.183 (2005)
C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993)
C.102 (1993)
C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993)
C.130 (1993) C.130 (1993)
C.128 (1993)
Denmark
C.102 (1955) C.130 (1978) C.130 (1978) C.118 (1969) C.118 (1969) C.118 (1969)
C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955)
C.118 (1969) Finland
C.118 (1969)
C.130 (1974) C.130 (1974) C.168 (1990) C.128 (1976) C.121 (1968) 3 C.128 (1976) C.128 (1976) C.118 (1969) C.118 (1969)
C.118 (1969) France
C.118 (1969)
C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974) C.102 (1974) C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974)
C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) Germany
C.102 (1958) C.102 (1958) C.102 (1958) C.102 (1958) C.102 (1958) C.102 (1958) C.102 (1958) C.102 (1958) C.102 (1958)
C.128 (1971) C.128 (1971) C.118 (1971) C.118 (1971) C.118 (1971)
C.130 (1974) C.130 (1974)
C.128 (1971) C.121 (1972)
C.118 (1971) Greece
C.118 (1971)
C.118 (1971)
C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955)
Hungary
C.183 (2003)
Iceland
C.102 (1961)
C.102 (1961)
C.102 (1961)
Migrant Medical care
Survivors workers a
C.118 b
C.118 C.157
Country
Ireland
C.102 (1968) C.102 (1968)
C.102 (1968)
C.121 (1969)
C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964) C.118 (1964) Israel
C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955) C.102 (1955)
C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) Italy
C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965) C.118 (1965)
C.102 (1956)
C.102 (1956) C.102 (1956)
C.183 (2001)
C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) C.118 (1967) Latvia
C.102 (1964) C.102 (1964) C.102 (1964) C.102 (1964) C.102 (1964) C.102 (1964) C.102 (1964) C.102 (1964) C.102 (1964)
C.130 (1980) C.130 (1980)
C.121 (1972)
C.183 (2008)
Macedonia, the
C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991) C.102 (1991)
C.102 (1991)
C.102 (1991)
former Yugoslav
C.121 (1991)
C.183 (2012)
Republic of Moldova, Republic
C.183 (2006)
of Montenegro
C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006) C.102 (2006)
C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962) C.102 (1962)
C.130 (2006) C.130 (2006) C.128 (1969) C.121 (1966) 3 C.183 (2009) C.128 (1969) C.128 (1969) Norway
C.102 (1954) C.102 (1954) C.102 (1954) C.102 (1954) C.102 (1954) C.102 (1954) C.130 (1972) C.130 (1972) C.168 (1990) C.128 (1968)
C.183 (2015) C.128 (1968) C.128 (1968)
C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963) Poland
C.102 (2003) C.102 (2003)
C.102 (2003)
257 Portugal
C.102 (1994) C.102 (1994) C.102 (1994) C.102 (1994) C.102 (1994) C.102 (1994) C.102 (1994) C.102 (1994) C.102 (1994)
C.183 (2012)
Migrant ild Medical care
Survivors workers a in g
C.128 ia
C.118 b c
C.118 C.157 lp
c te Romania
C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009)
C.102 (2009)
C.102 (2009) C.102 (2009)
tio
n s Serbia
C.168 (1992)
C.183 (2002)
te m Slovakia
C.102 (2000) C.102 (2000) C.102 (2000) C.102 (2000) C.102 (2000)
s C.130 (1993) C.130 (1993)
C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993)
C.102 (1993)
C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993) C.102 (1993)
C.102 (1992) C.102 (1992) C.102 (1992) C.102 (1992) C.102 (1992)
C.157 (1985) Sweden
Spain
C.102 (1988) C.102 (1988) C.102 (1988)
C.102 (1988)
C.102 (1953) C.102 (1953) C.102 (1953)
C.102 (1953) C.102 (1953) C.102 (1953)
C.130 (1970) C.130 (1970) C.168 (1990) C.128 (1968) C.121 (1969) C.128 (1968) C.128 (1968) C.157 (1984) C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963) C.118 (1963)
C.118 (1963) Switzerland
C.118 (1963)
C.118 (1963)
C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977)
C.102 (1977) C.102 (1977)
C.183 (2014) C.128 (1977) C.128 (1977) Turkey
C.168 (1990) C.128 (1977)
C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975) C.102 (1975)
C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974) Ukraine
C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974)
C.118 (1974) C.118 (1974)
C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016) C.102 (2016)
United Kingdom
C.102 (1954) C.102 (1954) C.102 (1954) C.102 (1954)
C.102 (1954)
C.102 (1954)
Notes: – While all international social security standards apply to migrant workers unless otherwise stated, C.118 and C.157 are of particular relevance to migrant workers. – Parts of C.118 apply for selected branches (see other columns). – Sao Tome and Principe: C.183 will enter into force on 12 June 2018. – Senegal: C.183 will enter into force on 18 April 2018. – Finland, Japan, Netherlands, Uruguay: Accepted the text of the List of Occupational Diseases (Schedule I) amended by the ILC at its 66th Session (1980). – Belgium: C.128 will enter into force on 14 June 2018 and C.130 will enter into force on 22 November 2018. – Bulgaria: Accepted Part IV on 12 July 2016.