EliminationSubstitution Isolation Segregation Engineering Controls - Ventilation
9.1.1 EliminationSubstitution
The most effective form of prevention control is simply to either eliminate the use of the hazardous agent, or the actual process in which it is used. This is clearly not often practicable, but quite commonly hazardous agents or processes can be substituted with relatively innocuous ones, e.g. Benzene replaced with toluene. Carbon tetrachloride replaced with methyl chloroform. Talc replaced with chalk. Sand blasting replaced by steel shot blasting. Dry handling techniques replaced by wet handling techniques. i.e. suppression of dust emission e.g. removal of asbestos lagging.9.1.2 Isolation
Wherever possible processes or operations, which involve some risks to health, should be completely enclosed, with the operators outside the enclosure.9.1.3 Segregation
Hazardous processes or operations etc. can be segregated from lower risk ones by placing them, for example, at the far end of a workshop, in a separate 89 room, or in a separate building, thereby minimising the number of workers at risk.9.1.4 Engineering Controls - Ventilation
Processes capable of producing exposures to hazardous substances only, are commonly controlled by the provision of mechanical air handling methods, of either one of the two types below or a combination of both. Local Exhaust Ventilation LEV Local Exhaust Ventilation LEV - application of mechanical air handling techniques whereby potential airborne contaminants are captured near to the source of emission, extracted, and discharged to either a safe location or subjected to some form of „air cleaning‟ technique. It is particularly valuable for situations that involve a point source release of toxic contaminants. General Dilution Ventilation Dilution Ventilation - this is widely used throughout industry for the ventilation of control rooms, photographic laboratories, office spaces, mess-rooms and printing rooms. It is not normally suitable for the control of dust, mist of fume or for substances of moderate to high toxicity, or in situations where the rate of generation of contamination is non-uniform or high. Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning HVAC can also be used in a variety of ways to control hazards associated with the thermal environment.9.1.5 Administrative Controls
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» Basic Principles is Occupational Hygiene 2010
» History Basic Principles is Occupational Hygiene 2010
» The Importance of Occupational Hygiene
» Dermatitis Physical damage Skin
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» Introduction Terms Basic Principles is Occupational Hygiene 2010
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» Crystalline silica Basic Principles is Occupational Hygiene 2010
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» Define the extent of the assessment Gather Information
» Introduction Hazard and Risk Expert Systems and Control Banding
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» Sampling Equipment Sampling Records Introduction
» Setting of Hygiene Standards and Exposure Limits Biological Monitoring Guidance Values
» EliminationSubstitution Isolation Segregation Engineering Controls - Ventilation
» Administrative Controls Types of Control Measures
» Information, Instruction and Training Personal Protective Equipment PPE
» Vision X-rays Neurological tests Audiometry Types of Control
» General Considerations InletsHoods General Features of an LEV System
» Ductwork Air Cleaners General Features of an LEV System
» Legal requirements Regular Maintenance Thorough Examination and Testing
» Properties of Asbestos Uses of Asbestos Airborne Asbestos Fibres
» Health Hazards of Asbestos Asbestos Register .1 Function of the Asbestos Register
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» Moulds Pandemics Basic Principles is Occupational Hygiene 2010
» Genetic modification Background Basic Principles is Occupational Hygiene 2010
» Health Effects of Excessive Noise
» Addition of Sound Levels Frequency Analysis Decibel Weightings
» Assessment of Workplace Noise
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» Exposure to Vibration Health Effects of Vibration
» Measurement of Vibration Heat Transfer from the Body
» Duration of Exposure Dry Bulb Temperature Mean Radiant Temperature Air Velocity
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» Infrared IR Radiation Laser Radiation Microwave Radiation
» Evaluation of Illumination Glare Good Illumination
» Evaluation of Non-Ionising Radiation Nature
» External and Internal Radiation Levels of Radiation Biological Effects of Ionising Radiation
» Uses of Radiation Industrial Measurement of Radiation Radiological Protection
» Health Surveillance Introduction Basic Principles is Occupational Hygiene 2010
» Making a Manual Handling Assessment Methods of Reducing Risk
» Workplace Risk Assessment Repetitive Tasks
» Possible Effects from Using DSE Postural Problems Upper limb pains and discomfort
» Making an Assessment Identification of DSE Users Minimum Requirements for Workstations
» Motivation and Behaviour Modification
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» Management of Stress Basic Principles is Occupational Hygiene 2010
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