Review of Related Studies
discourse as well as physical actions are performed by particular characters in a work, and are the means by which they exhibit moral and dispositional quali
ties” 1993: 159. It also means that the actions and attitudes of the characters can be
seen through plot. Gustav Freytag as guided by Guerin mentions that plot is divided into five
sections; “exposition, rising action, climax or turning point, falling action, and denouement comedy or catastrophe tragedy” Guerin, 1979:8. The exposition
is “the background information needed to properly understand a story” Guerin, 1979:8. It means that to find the exposition, the reader has to know about the
basic information of the story, such as the basic conflict or the setting. After that, the writer can find the rising action from the story. The rising action is “the
inciting moment sets the remainder of the story in motion” Guerin, 1979:8. But before finding out the rising action, the writer has to know the basic conflict
which is complicated by “the introduction of other conflicts, such as setbacks” Guerin, 1979:8.
Then the writer can decide the climax from the story. The climax “marks a major change for
the protagonist” Guerin, 1979:8. It means that the character will face his ultimate test that happens in the story. The falling action comes after
the climax. It contains “a moment of final suspense, during which the final outcome of the conflict is in d
oubt” Guerin, 1979:8. Conclusion is the final part of the plot. Freytag mentions that in some genres of the story, they can reveal
different conclusion. “Comedy ends with denouement conclusion, or wrapping up in which protagonist is better off than at
the story’s outset. Tragedy ends with PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
a catastrophe in which the protagonist is destroyed in some way” Guerin, 1979:8.