12
considerations, the policies or behaviour of other states, or plans to advance specific geopolitical designs.
27
On the other hand, the concept of national interest is used in both political analysis and political action. As an analytic tool, it is
employed to describe, explain, or evaluate the sources or the adequacy of a nation‟s foreign policy. As an instrument of political action, it serves as a means
of justifying, denouncing, or proposing policies.
28
The foreign policy is the instrument to pursue the national interest. Then the foreign policy and national
interest will always relate each other.
1. Foreign Policy
There are definitions of Foreign Policy theory among International Relation scholars, one of them is Holsti that said in his book that Foreign policy is designed
to change conditions abroad for their own sake, most are designed to promote some domestic purpose.
29
According to him, foreign policy also includes several actions which are the things governments do to others in order to defend or
achieve the kinds of purposes. Holsti states that the response is the act of foreign policy to react on the one state‟s influencing action to another state and the
resources or leverage that used to make the wielding of influence succesful. There are five kind of responses; to accomodate, to ignore, to procrastinate, to bargain,
and to resist. In foreign policy, there are at least four purposes that are common, security, autonomy, welfare, and status or prestige.
30
In the theory of Foreign Policy, Holsti classified the factors of Foreign Policy making into
27
Global Britannica,
Foreign policy
, [database
online] accessed
from http:global.britannica.comEBcheckedtopic213380foreign-policy
, 522014
28
James N. Rosenau, The Study of World Politics: Theoretical and Methodological Challenges, USA: Routladge, 2006, p: 246
29
K.J Holsti,”International Politics : A Framework for Analysis, New Jersey : Prentice Hall, 1988, 136.
30
Ibid, p: 83
13
ExternalSystemic Factors and Domestic Factors. External Factors contained by Structure of System, CharacteristicsStructure of World Economy, Purpose and
action of other actors, Global and regional problem, International law, and World Opinion. While in the Domestic Context contained by SocioeconomicSecurity
needs, Geographic and Topographic Characteristics, National Attributes, Government StructurePhilosophy, Public Opinion, Bureaucracy, and Ethical
Consideration.
31
In this research, the use of the theory of foreign policy will more refer to the theory of Holsti that emphasize on external and internal factors in foreign policy
making. Thus, the analysis developed in this research focuses on the assumption that Turkish motive to become EU member is Turkeys foreign policy which is
based on the internal and external factors.
2. National Interest
