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Pearl Harbour. The evidence of German aggression was too clear, and American sympathies were increasingly on the side of the United Kingdom Microsoft
Encarta Inc.2003
C. Theoretical Framework
In this part I will explain the contributions of all the theories above to this study. The first question discusses the influences of the invaders on the local
society in the John Steinbeck’s The Moon is Down. To know the influences of Nazi invaders, I should know the condition of the society before the invaders
come. It is important because the changes of the society patterns will be shown clearly by comparing the condition before and after the invaders come. Therefore,
theory of society is needed to identify the condition of the society before the invaders come by using the knowledge of how the members of society share
patterns of behaviours. Theory society also helps me to show the influences of the Nazi invaders by giving the basic information that if there is a group of
invaders try to enter a society, the behaviours of the members’ society will change.
In answering the first question, I should also know the behaviours of all the characters, both the townspeople and the invaders. Therefore, theory of
character and characterization is used to identify each character in the novel by using the knowledge of how to describe the characters which is proposed by M.J
Murphy. The second question analyzed how John Steinbeck uses The Moon is
Down as American Propaganda. First, I should know the way John Steinbeck PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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used The Moon is Down as American propaganda. Therefore, theory of propaganda and American values are necessary. Theory of Propaganda is used to
identify the techniques of propaganda which John Steinbeck used. Through the theory of propaganda I will analyze John Steinbeck’s ways of conveying
American propaganda. While American values are used to help me in describing the Americans people’ attitudes and behaviours based on their values.
Second, I should know the condition of the Second World War which was characterized by enormous war propaganda not only by Nazi but also by other
European states and America. A review on the socio-historical background of the United States, Europe, the Allies, and Nazi during World War II is needed to
serve as a background on historical facts, such as the aftermaths’ condition and policies that are considerable with the analysis. Through review on the socio-
historical background of the United States, Europe, the Allies, and Nazi during World War II, war propaganda was certainly an important issue of influencing
people’s minds in all countries involved at the war during the 1930s and 1940s. Theory of character and characterization is also used in analyzing the
second problem because the second problem mostly focuses on the character especially from the major characters both protagonist and antagonist, by
considering their attitudes, opinions, and struggle as the basic of the analysis. Finally, theory of critical approaches provides some possible approaches
which help me to take decision which the most suitable approach is. In this context, I choose the socio-historical approach through theory of critical
approaches to find the deeper meaning of this literary work. The socio-historical approach helps me to see the story of the novel based on the historical context.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter consists of three parts. They are subject matter, approach of the study, and method of the study. Subject matter covers the brief description of
the novel. Approach of the study describes the approach employed in the analysis and the reason why the approach was used. Method of the study explains the
steps in analyzing the novel.
A. Subject Matter
In this
study, The Moon is Down is the subject matter. It is a novel by
John Steinbeck, an American author. It was written in 1942 during World War II when Steinbeck worked as a reporter. The publisher of this novel was the Viking
Press and it was released at the same year. It is a short novel of 188 pages and divided into eight chapters. The Moon is Down received many reviews upon its
publication during the war in 1942 due to John Steinbecks incredible popularity at the time. The Moon is Down was one of the American Best Selling novels at that
time. It was also made into movie and theatrical adaptations in 1943. It is because Steinbeck tells his story with simplicity, force, dignity, and even beauty
Wikipedia. org. The story details a military occupation of a small town in Northern Europe
by the army of an unnamed nation at war with England and Russia. It is very transparent reference to the occupation of Norway by the Germans during World
War II. Interestingly, a French language translation of the book was published PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
