aspects. At the last, this study also has objective to reveal how Amir and Baba’s identity develop in the context of diasporic discourse. Eventually, the analysis of
the formation and the comparison of their identity show how their diasporic identitiesareconstructed.
D. Definition of Terms
In this section, the writer explains the important terms which are used further in this study. Those terms need to be defined to gain compendious
understanding of this study.
Identity means the qualities and attitudes that a person or a group of
people have, that make them different from other people. Furthermore, in the
context ofcultural identity, Stuart Hall says never unifies; it is fractured and
fragmented and always constantly changes Hall, 1993:4. Thus, an individual’s identity is always on continous development. It is formed and transformed in line
with the cultural system.
Diaspora is taken from the Greek language meaning “to disperse.”It is a
movement of people from their homelands to new regions whether by force or voluntarily Ashcroft, Griffiths, Tiffin, 2007: 61.
Hybridity inAHistory of Literary Criticism: from Plato to the Present,
M. A. R Habib cites that it is a condition of ‘in-betweeness’. One person stands between two cultures Habib, 2005: 750.
Mimicryshows an ironic compromise. The Other the colonized has
desire to be reformed as an individual that is different that is almost the same as the Self the colonizer but not quite Bhabha, 1994: 86.
Resistanceis the act of reclaiming one’s own past. It is the action of the
colonized to erode the colonialist ideology by which past had been devalued Barry, 2002: 193.
7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A. Review of Related Studies
Four studies done by fourresearchers become the related studies to determine where this research stand. Moreover, those four researches are relevant
to the topic of this research. Two of them explain about the process of identity in postcolonial study and the diasporic discussion. The other two studies explain
character and characterization of a hybrid and the theory of hybridity analyzed in the characters.
First study is conducted by Christina Laviani Tinambunan, a student of Sanata Dharma University on Configuration of Agency in Constructing
Nationalism in Salman Rushdie’s Midnight Children and Mangun Wijaya’s The Weavebirds: A Postcolonial Study. The author explicates that the configuration of
agency of the two characters in the novel is highly affected by their surrounding. The concept of identity does not only stop on the sense of self but also how the
individual exercises social responsibility and discharge duty in social order. The fundamental concept of identity is subject of that experience; how one individual
interprets the experience in transcending limitation, oppression, and weaknesses Tinambunan, 2015.
This study, in accordance to the discussion of The Kite Runner, does not only analyze how the identity is formed but also comparing the construction of
identity of Amir and Baba from the same diasporic experience but having PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
different result of identity construction. This research digs deeper not only the identity construction of the main character, but also it examines how the identity
is formed in the lens of hybrid discussion. The second study is administered by Adrianus Bristo Bhago, a student of
Sanata Dharma University on Diasporic Movements of Willie: Negotiating Identity Seen in the Postcolonial Perspectives in Naipauls’ Magic Seeds. The
researcher talks about how the main character of the story struggles to find his identity through three stages of diasporic experience; Africa, India, and London.
The colonial identity is analyzed through the main character’s perspective of home and postcolonial resistance. In Africa, Willie feels lost; he does not see
Africa as his home because of the superiority of his wife and non-existent connection with the African people. Then, he moves to India, he still does not
belong there, India is not home because the architecture copies of those foreigns ones and Willie fails to join the cause of social movement in India. Lastly, in
London, Willie finds home as the comfortable place of St. John Wood house. The perspectives are seen and affected by the diasporic experienceBhago, 2015.
This research analyzes the impacts of diasporic movements from the perspectives of two people. In that light, this research highlights the factors that
might differentiate the result of identity eventhough both characters undergo the same diasporic experience.
The third study is done by Selime Omnus, a student of Middle East Technical University on Hybrid Identities on The Buddha of Suburbia by Hanif
Kureishi and The Namesake by Jumpa Lahiri. The researcher explains how the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
