Emotional Intelligence Theory Method

his 1998b 12 book, adapted Salovey and Mayer’s in their 1990 13 work to define the measures of effective use of emotion, Emotional Intelligence.

2. Emotional Intelligence Theory

Goleman adapted Salovey and Mayer’s model as a basis for his discussion of the theory of emotional intelligence and it’s implications for everyday life including the world of work. He adapted Salovey and Mayer’s emotional intelligence model to develop five emotional and social competencies. Golemans leadership theory went on to describe five characteristics or components of emotional intelligence: 1 Self-awareness: examining how your emotions affect your performance; using your values to guide decision-making; self-assessment - looking at your strengths and weaknesses and learning from your experiences; and being self-confident and certain about your capabilities, values and goals. 2 Self-regulation: controlling your temper; controlling your stress by being more positive and action-centred; retaining composure and the ability to think clearly under pressure; handling impulses well; and nurturing trustworthiness and self-restraint. 3 Motivation: enjoying challenge and stimulation; seeking out achievement; commitment; ability to take the initiative; optimism; and being guided by personal preferences in choosing goals. 12 Daniel Goleman 1998b. Working with emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books. 13 Peter Salovey and John Mayer, Emotional Intelligence, Imagination, Cognition, and Personality , 1990. 4 Empathy: the ability to see other peoples points of view; behaving openly and honestly; avoiding the tendency to stereotype others; and being culturally aware. 5 Social skills: the use of influencing skills such as persuasion; good communication with others, including employees; listening skills; negotiation; co- operation; dispute resolution; ability to inspire and lead others; capacity to initiate and manage change; and ability to deal with others emotions - particularly group emotions.

3. Emotional Intelligence and Teamwork

According to Harris and Harris 1996, he defined Teamwork as “…a work group or unit with a common purpose through which members develop mutual relationships for the achievement of goalstasks” p. 23. Teamwork implies that individuals work in a cooperative environment in the interests of a common goal by sharing knowledgeskills and being flexible enough to serve multiple roles. Emotional Intelligence has much commonality between successful teamwork and emotional intelligence and this is supported by Yost and Tucker who promotes a strong relationship between successful teamwork and emotional intelligence. 14 When a leader or a team member use their emotional intelligence, they help build an emotionally intelligent in a team, one in which everyone takes responsibility for increasing their own emotional intelligence, for using it in their 14 Yost, C.A., Tucker, M.L. 2000. Are effective teams more emotionally intelligent? Confirming the importance of effective communication in teams. Delta Pi Epsilon Journal. relations with others, and for applying the skills of emotional intelligence to the team as a whole. Effective interpersonal relationships are an important element of successful teams. Emotional bonding that exists between team members has a profound effect on the work produced and the overall success of the project. Teams that care about each other at a personal and professional level are more likely to be successful than teams that ignore the importance of the relationship between positive interpersonal relationships, professional relationships and goal achievement. Developing positive relationships where team members are aware of the impact their emotions can play on the effectiveness and success of the team should be the aim of each team member. A positive emotional climate should be developed so that all energies can be focussed on the attainment of mutual goals including the success of the project Johnson Johnson, 1999. Team members need to be aware that negative behaviour can impact on work productivity and affect the overall success of the team and project. Conflict resolution and the ability of team members to deal with issues, feelings and emotions can impact greatly on the success of the team. Team members caring for one another, encouraging each other, showing empathy and regulating their emotions contribute to and have an impact on the success of the team. Harris and Harris 1996 explain that successful teams have a high level of maintenance and must incorporate essential ‘invisible’ skills such as caring for one another, showing warm feelings, friendliness and offering team members support when needed. Successful teams require both technical skills and interpersonal skills “…communication at both the cognitive and feeling levels is what determines the success or failure of the team” Harris Harris, 1996; p. 29. ANALYSIS Emotional Intelligence on Main Character, Lieutenant Colonel Harold George Moore, in Film “We Were Soldiers”. “We Were Soldiers” film describes the Emotional Intelligence through the main character, which is self awareness, self regulation, motivation, empathy and social skill. and people with good levels of emotional intelligence are said to be more able to manage and harness their emotions. The story begins with French army unit that beaten by Vietnam in 1954. Then, eleven years later, Moore is chosen to lead the American soldiers to the battle in Vietnam. It becomes a heavy burden for him, because there are no survivors when the French were patrolled there, the Vietnamese decides to take no prisoners, they are all massacred. Not only that, the night before they departure, the Moore’s superior officer told that Moore’s unit will be known as the 1 st Battalion 7 th Cavalry. The 7 th Cavalry was the same unit commanded by General George Custer in the 19 th Century during the Indian wars when he and his men were slaughtered at the Battle of the Little Bighorn. American soldiers that he’ll lead are the same unit. Moore saws the similarities to the battle at little Bighorn and the battle in Vietnam, where all the men massacred and the leaders are last stand. As Goleman says, people who have a high degree of self awareness recognize how their feelings affect them, other people, and their job performance. 15 Moore doesn’t think that all this situation as a sign of failures and the writer sees Moore was not showing his fear emotion to his men, but the writer sees Moore drives his emotion into a positive way, he prepares himself for the battle and seeks improvement for his unit that he will lead. Moore also studied poring over the books detailing prior battle of military history of French army in Indochina, he studied and learnt the enemy strengths and weaknesses from the books and documentations and also studied the failures which made the French army massacred in Vietnam. He prepares himself by learning from previous experiences which make French lose in the battle and it is fit as Goleman says, “people with a high degree of self awareness also learn from experiences and know where they headed to and what their goals are. 16 People with a high level of self awareness tend to be have a happy dispotion, Moore is not showing his worried as the night when he saw the military history of French in Indochina, when they were all massacred. A happy disposition is showed when Moore shows him as a humorist person in introducing his self. It is important to make a comfortable situation with others subordinates in a team, because when people feel comfortable, they will have a more productive teamwork. People with a high self awareness also knowing his strength. By knowing and using their strength, people become confidence of themselves, and self 15 Goleman, D. 1998 January 2004. What Makes a Leader? Harvard Business Review. p.4. 16 Goleman, D. 1998b. Working with emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books. awareness of people can be recognized by their confidence. Here, even though American soldiers would be outnumbered, Moore knows his strengths in mobilizing the battle. Moore has learned and studied the condition in Vietnam and Moore also familiarized himself with the battle strategies of Lieutenant Colonel Nguyen Huu An. During the battle, pressure and stress are facing by Moore. Before landing in Vietnam, Moore though that they wouldn’t be outnumbered. Not only they were outnumbered; they were also surrounded with no way out. There was between 2,000-3,000 regular enemy soldiers. Here, Moore able to control and regulate his emotion under pressure, he stay calm, clear and focused when things do not go as planned so the team did not have a negative impact in trying to pursuit the goal. It is seen when Moore does not only regulating his emotion but also his men, by keep trying calm and tries to calm him men down. When the things are not going as planned, people tend to be not able to manage their emotion, and it can be impacted to the others, the communicant could get miss the communication. In the film we can also see Moore doesn’t show his emotion when his men make mistakes. He picks his word carefully, acknowledging the team’s poor performance. He would then step back and telling the reason for serious in training, Moore says that they’ll be landing under fire and men will die. Other leader might punish his men. But he corrects his team’s poor performance and asks his men to learn each other. Moore also doesn’t mad to his men, Charlie when he gives the wrong coordinate, which is pointed to his own friends. The sign of Moore’s regulation are easy to see. He is thoughtfulness and comfort with ambiguity and change, as we can see above when he thought that they wouldn’t outnumbered. If there is one trait that virtually all effective leaders have, it is motivation. They are driven to achieve beyond expectations –their own and everyone else’s. When Moore asks Snakeshit to be a part of the air cavalry team Moore motivates him by saying that he is the solution of Moore’s problem and even though they look like a shit, but their equipment is immaculate. As the result, Snakeshit joins Moore as a team. Telling a vision is also one of the ways to motivate the team. So, they can always remember what they were there for and could have their best effort and preparation of what happen in the future. In the middle of the battle, all Moore Company’s is being overrun; Moore thinks what he has to do. Then he calls a last Broken Arrow. As said before, Broken Arrow means that the American unit has been overrun; it calls in every combat aircraft for support. The coordinates will be needed to direct those combat air craft. But at this time, Charlie makes mistake by giving the wrong coordinate, which is pointed to his own friends. He feels down for a moment but Moore motivates his men, Charlie, to keep the support coming. We can see here that Charlie felt encouraged, by then he keeps them coming in to help them. It is important to make team members felt supported, especially when they make mistakes. People with high motivation remain optimistic even when the score is against them. This is what occurs too in the middle of the battle when Moore is being outnumbered and overrun, there was between 2,000-3,000 regular enemy soldiers against just 400 American troops, Moore still optimist that they’ll win the battle. It is important to keep maintaining hope to others team in the face of frustration, Moore need to remain optimistic in order to motivate other team members that they still could win the battle even though they are being outnumbered. Moore also motivates his men by giving complements to them. He recognizes his men achievement in doing their jobs, and recognizing achievement is one of the ways to motivate other people. During the battle, Moore also shows his empathy, he concerns of his men’s need. When Moore’s men are wounded, he gives his water to his wounded men that more needed After 2 nd Lt. Jack Geoghegan’s wife Barbara birth her first child, Moore shows his empathy. Moore is able to understand other people’s emotions. People with this characteristic are attentive to emotional cues and listen well. 17 It can be seen clearly from how Moore congratulates Jack on the birth of his first child and how he asks Jack to pray together, after Jack tells Moore his worried, he is afraid if his child will become an orphan. In this time, we can see Jack face that he feels supported in discussing his problem. During the battle, Moore also shows his empathy, he concerns of his men’s need. When Moore’s men are wounded, he gives his water to his wounded men that more needed. 17 Goleman, D. 1998a. Working with emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books. All the preceding traits culminate in this fifth one: the ability to built rapport with others, to get them cooperates, to move them in a direction you desire. Social skill is the culmination of the other dimensions of emotional intelligence. People tend to be more effective at managing relationships when they can understand and control their own emotions and can empathize with the feeling of other. Even motivation contributes to social skill. 18 Before asking Snakeshit to join with his air cavalry team, Moore makes an informal and comfortable situation for Snakeshit, Moore offers him a drink. From what all he was saying to Snakeshit, it can be seen that Moore able to stimulate cooperation, through well developed communication and social skill. Moore also shows him as a humorist person, when he introduce him self. Moore also gives his compliments when the men make accomplishment in holding on the Vietnamese. People tend to be more effective at managing relationships when they can understand and control their own emotions and can empathize with the feeling of other. Its show when Moore keeps staying calm in facing many problems, in the homeland and especially in the middle of the battle. As said before, people tent to be more effective at managing relationships when they can empathize with the feeling of other. It can be seen when Moore is paying attention when Jack tell his problem to Moore. In addition, the person with good social skills listens well. Nodding of the head, the occasional quick comment, and clearly taking in someone else’s communications is valuable. People don’t simply wish to be talked to; they want 18 Goleman, D. 1998 November-December. What Makes a Leader? Harvard Business Review. to be talked with. A sense that both communicators are taking equal part in a conversation demonstrates advanced social skills. 19 People with a good social skill are able to build and develop positive and effective relationships with colleagues through fostering trust, confidence and commitment. Like in the formal meeting, Moore tells his men that he and Sergeant-Major-Plumpley will always be with them in the battle. It is clear that he won’t leave his men in the middle of the battle. It becomes one of things that build a close relationship with Moore’s men and build trust to Moore. When brigade headquarters wants Moore to lift out on the first chopper at dawn to return to Saigon for debriefing during the middle of the conflict, Moore objects the order to return to Saigon. He says that he will not leave his men. As said before, people with this characteristic are able to show their commitment; in Moore’s speech he tells that he will be the first on the ground and the last off. He proves his speech to all his subordinates that he becomes the first one to set foot on the field, and after all of his men, dead or alive is removed from the battlefield, he steps on to a helicopter and flies out of the valley and be the last to step off. Emotional Intelligence and Teamwork in the Film “We Were Soldiers” On the previous explanation, the writer tells that the main character has the characteristics of Emotional Intelligence. Here, the writer will analyze that American successful teamwork in We Were Soldiers film has a strong relation 19 http:www.wisegeek.comwhat-are-social-skills.htm with Emotional Intelligence. Emotional Intelligence has much commonality between successful teamwork and emotional intelligence and this is supported by Yost and Tucker who promotes a strong relationship between successful teamwork and emotional intelligence. 20 To achieve the goal in winning the battle in Vietnam, the team members need to develop positive relationships where team members are aware of the impact their emotions can play on the effectiveness and success of the team. Team members also need to be aware that negative behavior can impact on work productivity and affect the overall success of the team and project. Emotional intelligence that showed by Moore, as a leader, help build an emotionally intelligent in a team, one in which everyone takes responsibility for increasing their own emotional intelligence, for using it in their relations with others, and for applying the skills of emotional intelligence to the team as a whole. Emotional bonding that exist between team members has a profound effect on the work produced and the overall success of the project, which is American Soldiers’ teamwork in the battle in Vietnam, especially in saving their trapped friends which is ambushed by Vietnamese. During training Moore tells his men to respect different personalities, cultures and sensitivities. And in the middle of the battle, we can see that they work as a team, try to save their friend that ambushed by Vietnamese. One of Moore’s men also tries to save his different color friend without ignoring his own safety. In the middle of the battle, Moore concern of his men need, Moore gives 20 Yost, C.A., Tucker, M.L. 2000. Are effective teams more emotionally intelligent? Confirming the importance of effective communication in teams. Delta Pi Epsilon Journal. his water to his wounded men that more needed. Then next one of his men shows his empathy too, although he is wounded he gets out of the helicopter and gives his room to another wounded soldier in a helicopter. When his men, Charlie, makes mistake by giving the wrong coordination felt encouraged, by then he keeps them coming in to help them. It is important to make team members felt supported, especially when they make mistakes. People tent to be giving their best when they feel supported. This thing affects the successful of their team in winning the battle. At the end, as Harris and Harris say that successful teams require both technical skills and interpersonal skills “…communication at both the cognitive and feeling levels is what determines the success or failure of the team” 21 . In the film, we can see that Moore and Snakeshit are as the characters that mostly appear. Communication at both also has a relationship with the successful team in winning the battle. Moore, as the leader, knows well how to communicate with his team and treat his men well. When Moore asks Snakeshit to join his team, Moore use his Emotional Intelligence in persuading him, Moore is able to stimulate cooperation, through well developed communication and social skill. When Snakeshit did a good job in delivering troops, supplies and bringing back the dead and wounded, Moore gives a compliments to him. The important thing in Emotional Intelligence is how we relate with others, and here we can see Moore has a good communication with his team. 21 Harris, P.R., Harris, K.G. 1996, op.cit. p.29. Snakeshit’s team as the chopper pilot who has the duty to deposit and remove soldiers from the battlefield has an important role in winning the battle because if the choppers stop coming, all soldiers will get slaughtered. Here, a good communication system is needed between leader and Snakeshit as the leader of chopper pilot. When the Landing Zone is hot, Moore blows the trees to make a new Landing Zone, and Moore tell Snakeshit that the main LZ is hot and must be closed, Moore tells him to land in a new LZ. As the result of positive relationship between Snakeshit and Moore, here in the last moment of the battle, Snakeshit ignoring his own safety and come with his help by using his machine gun, we can see his technical skills in killing the Vietnamese. At the end of the battle, American soldiers has succeed to save their trapped friend which ambushed by Vietnamese and broken through the enemy’s line. Conclusions Using the attributes provided by Goleman, it was evident that team members’ emotional intelligence played a pivotal role in determining the success and functionality of the team, and the quality of final product being developed. According to the theory, here, the writer found that Emotional Intelligence on main character does affect American soldiers’ successful teamwork. The successful team was highly motivated by the way main character, Moore, in leading all his team. Emotional intelligence that showed by Moore, as a leader who helps build an emotionally intelligent in a team, one in which everyone takes responsibility for increasing their own emotional intelligence, for using it in their relations with others, and for applying the skills of emotional intelligence to the team as a whole. Emotional bonding that exist between team members has a profound effect on the work produced and the overall success of the project, which is American Soldiers’ teamwork in the battle in Vietnam, especially in saving their trapped friends which is ambushed by Vietnamese. In conclusion, to have a successful teamwork in a team, people need to have a positive relationship with others, people need to be able to recognize their own feelings and those of others, motivates themselves, and manage emotions well in their feeling and in their relationships. Curriculum Vitae Personal Details Full Name : Fitriani Sex : Female Place, Date of Birth : Tangerang, October 28, 1986 Nationality : Indonesia Marital Status : Married Height, Weight : 161 cm, 46 kg Health : Perfect Religion : Moslem Address Jl. Ciater Barat Rt 007003 Serpong- Tangerang Selatan, 15314. Mobile : 08158125237 Phone : 021 - 71378019 E-mail : v_imoot2815yahoo.com Educational Background 1991 – 1992 : Bayu Kartika Kindergarten School, Tangerang 1992 – 1998 : Tangerang 1 Elementary School, Tangerang 1998 – 2001 : Al-Ghozali Modern Boarding Junior High School, Curug-Gunung Sindur, Bogor 2001 – 2004 : Al-Ghozali Modern Boarding Senior High School, Curug-Gunung Sindur, Bogor 2004 – 2011 : Faculty of Letters and Humanities at the State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta. Qualifications 1. Computer Literate MS Word, MS Excel, MS Power Point. 2. Internet Literate. Language 1. English Oorganization Experience 1. Secretary of Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah OSIS 2000 at Al-Ghozali Modern Boarding Junior High School 2. Secretary of Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah OSIS 2003 at Al-Ghozali Modern Boarding Junior High School 3. Member of HMI 2004 at the State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta. Tangerang, May 19, 2011

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Film are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful method for educating – or indoctrinating – citizens. The visual elements of cinema give motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some of films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate dialogue. 1 Kolker said that film has a great power because film gave the image that can bring us in deep understanding about the real life than the other media. 2 On its content film gives the emotional spot and popularity. So, film can be said not only contributed to a mass culture of entertainment and celebrity; it is also provided a forum for education and critique through the tradition of social documentary and served us a medium of personal expression in the form of avant-garde films and home movies. 3 Film does not only become something that entertains but also can inspire the spectators if it showed attractively. Many kind aspects of life become story 1 http:en.wikipedia.orgwikiFilm. Accessed on February, 2009. 2 David Bordwell and Kristin Thompson, Film Art an Introduction New York McGraw-Hill, Inc fourth edition, p.3. 3 Maria Pramagiore and Tom Wallis, Film: A Critical Introduction London: Laurence King Publishing, 2005, p.1. theme in film including leadership. Film as a medium to investigate leadership topics, including the leadership theory of Emotional Intelligence. At its core, leadership is rooted in emotions. 4 Leadership, particularly in a period of rapid change, is about emotions - desire, fear, despair, caring, disillusionment, pain, anger, stress, anxiety and loneliness. Yet these are the aspects of leadership which tend to be neglected, played down, even denigrated in the literature, largely because emotionality has been cast in opposition to, and lesser than, rationality Blackmore, 1996. 5 Emotions are contagious. When members of a team work together they influence each other’s emotions at an unconscious level. 6 Emotion is assumed as human soul activity. According to Daniel Goleman emotion is absolutely the sequence of motivation to act. Goleman states that the key to understand people’s feeling is an ability to read non verbal message. 7 The rule of thumb is that interpersonal communication is 5 verbal and 95 nonverbal. This suggests that most of the communication in a team or group is not cognitive, but emotional. Thus, when members of a team are emotionally intelligent and use their emotional skills appropriately, they can create an atmosphere conducive to effective collaboration. 8 4 Daniel Goleman, et al,. Discussing their book, Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intelligence , Harvard Business School Press Publishing, 2001. p.1. 5 www.educatejournal.orgindex.php?journal=educate. Accessed on February, 2009. 6 Daniel Goleman, et al,. Adapted from Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intelligence , Harvard Business School Publishing, 2001. www.teleosleaders.com...Why_Emotional_Intelligence_Matters_for_Leaders.pdf -. Accessed on February, 2009. 7 Daniel Goleman, et. al., Introduction Psychology, USA: Random House, 1982. p.249. 8 Daniel Goleman, et al 2001 loc. cit.. Emotions are a feedback mechanism. The dictionary defines feedback as “information returned to the source.” Thus, emotions contain information for us. They are meant to help us manage our attention. If you do not manage your emotions and pay attention to the emotions of those around you, you will miss an enormous amount of information necessary for effective leadership. 9 Negative emotions powerfully disrupt work, hijacking attention from the task at hand. People who are upset have trouble reading emotions accurately in other people, decreasing the most basic skill needed for empathy and, as a result, impairing their social skills. An upbeat environment fosters mental efficiency, making people better at taking in and understanding information, at using decision rules in complex judgements, and at being flexible in their thinking Goleman, 2001. 10 In conclusion, emotions play a central role in leadership. More specifically, emotional intelligence is the capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves, and for managing emotions well in ourselves and in our relationships. 11 People with good levels of emotional intelligence are said to be more able to manage and harness their emotions. They are also better able to understand other people’s emotions, to communicate with them, relate to them and influence them. 12 Goleman has claimed that 9 http:davejensenonleadership.blogspot.com200810leading-by-managing-emotions.html. Accessed on October, 2009. 10 www.vedpuriswar.orgbook_reviewThe20New20Leaders.doc by D Goleman – 2002. Accessed on October, 2009. 11 Daniel Goleman 1998b. Working with emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books. p.317. 12 http:www.cipd.co.uksubjectslrnanddevselfdevemotintel.htm. Accessed on October, 2009. approximately 90 of star performers’ success in leadership is attributable to Emotional Intelligence. 13 Emotional Intelligence is a term coined by Daniel Goleman. Emotional intelligence has as much to do with knowing when and how to express emotion as it does with controlling it. Emotional Intelligence sometimes characterized as an emotional quotient or EQ versus that stood in contrast to an intelligence quotient or IQ --it’s a term practically every leader of note has heard of. 14 According to Goleman, one key benefit is that “emotional intelligence can help people make better decisions.” 15 “EQ defines our capacity for relationship,” Goleman says, adding this is essential for leaders whose choices are echoed through dozens and hundreds of relationships in a complex web. Leaders who use their emotional efficacy to inspire confidence, commitment, and caring will get better results. 16 Not only do star performance excel as individuals, but Emotional Intelligence are the ones which are the best able to maximize a team’s potential in pursuit of collective goals. In the other word, Emotional Intelligence is needed for successful teamwork. In this research, the writer wants to analyze “We Were Soldiers” film that is released on March 1, 2002 and the film is adapted from the book ‘We Were Soldiers Once . . . And Young’ by Lieutenant Colonel Harold G. Moore and Joseph L. Galloway, the only journalist willing to go into the front lines to capture a first hand account of the war. The film produced by Arne L. Schmidt, Jim 13 Ibid 14 www.teachmeteamwork.comteachmeteam. Accessed on October, 2009. 15 http:www.nexuseq.compressGoleman.pdf. Accessed on October, 2009. 16 Ibid. Lemley, and Randall Wallace. It directed by Randall Wallace. The movie which adapted from the book is based on a true story about a gruesome depiction of the bloody engagement in which 400 American troops, under the leadership of Moore, took on 2000 North Vietnamese. 17 We Were Soldiers is the film which tells the role of main character, Lieutenant Colonel Harold G. Moore, that describes his effectiveness as a leader in leading his subordinates in the homeland and especially in the chaos of the battle. The film narrates the leadership under Moore, in which 400 American troops took on 2000 North Vietnamese. The story began when a French Army unit in Vietnam on July 1954 during the First Indochina 18 War is ambushed by soldiers of the Viet Minh. Eleven years later, Fort Benning, Georgia, Colonel Hal Moore Mel Gibson is deeply committed to training his troops, who are preparing to be sent to Vietnam. As a leader, Lieutenant Colonel Harold Moore who led his men in Vietnam War knows well how to drive his emotion and his subordinates’ emotion into a positive direction in purpose to pursuit collective goals. Landing in the Valley of Death on November 14, 1965, soldiers capture a North Vietnamese lookout who informs them that the nearby Chu Pong Mountain is the location of the headquarters of an entire North Vietnamese Division. An American platoon is isolated some distance from battalion’s main position, after 2 nd Lt. Henry Herrick saw a scout, and ran after him, ordering his reluctant to follow. The scout led him into an ambush. 17 http:www.reelviews.netmovieswwe_were_soldiers.html. Accessed on October, 2009. 18 Indochina: Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. Led by Lieutenant Colonel Harold Moore, the writer saw the unit cohesion was shown by American troops in saving their trapped friend which ambushed by Vietnamese. That is why, in this thesis, the writer is interested to analyze the Emotional intelligence had by the main character that affect his subordinates’ successful teamwork by using Daniel Goleman leadership theory. It can be taken after watching the film.

B. Focus of the Research

Relating to the background of the study above, the writer will examine the five main elements of Emotional Intelligence on main character. The five main elements are; self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, motivation and social skills by using the leadership theory of Emotional Intelligence and its impact on teamwork as the virtue.

C. Research Question

Based on the research above the writer will analyze two main questions: 1. What Emotional Intelligence characteristics are showed by the main character of the film “We Were Soldiers”? 2. How does the Emotional Intelligence of the main character affect the American soldiers’ teamwork?

D. Significances of the Research

The writer wishes this research could be used to develop people as a leader and give benefit for the readers who are interested in being a better leader. The result of the research is also expected to be useful for future improvement of studying Emotional Intelligence, especially in the Faculty of Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University “Syarif Hidayatullah” Jakarta.

E. Research Methodology 1. The Objectives of the Research

The objective of the research is to find out how the Emotional Intelligence on main character affects the American soldiers’ successful teamwork in the film “We Were Soldiers” that makes him effective as a leader.

2. Method

In this research, the writer applies qualitative method. This method describes and analyzes film “We Were Soldiers”, which is Emotional Intelligence and its impact on teamwork. The application of qualitative method is Daniel Goleman’s leadership theory of Emotional Intelligence and its implication for everyday life including the world of work.

3. Technique of Data Analysis