CHAPTER IV RESULT OF THE STUDY
Based on the research conducted on 21 October 2009 at Sebelas Maret University, the writer got the data needed to be analyzed in this chapter. The data
were collected from the sample by means of a translation test consisting of 30 items.
As stated in technique of analyzing data in chapter III, the procedure used by the writer after collecting the data are identifying the errors, classifying the
errors, describing errors and calculating the percentages of every type of errors.
D. Identifying the Errors
After collecting the data, the writer identified all errors in the students’ answer sheets. Before identifying the errors made by the students, the writer
distinguished errors from mistakes on the students’ answer sheets. The way the writer used in distinguishing mistakes from errors on the students’ answer sheet
was by giving another ten minutes to the students to check whether their answers were correct or incorrect before collecting their answer sheets. In fact the writer
found that some students made errors because they were not able to correct their first answers. However, some students were able to correct their first answers,
which means that they have made mistakes. From the identification of errors, the writer finds out that none of the
students who were used as the sample of the study could answer all items correctly. They tend to make errors. Based on the errors type explained in chapter
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II, there are four categories of errors namely linguistic category, surface strategy taxonomy, comparative analysis, and communicative effect. In this study the
writer just uses the second category, that is, surface strategy taxonomy. Besides, students tend to make the same errors. For example, in this study
most of students made omission errors.
E. Classifying the Errors
Based on the surface category taxonomy, the student’s errors can be classified into omission, addition, misformation, and misordering errors.
1. Omission Errors
Omission errors are characterized by the absence of an item that must appear in a well-formed utterance. Although any morpheme or word in a
sentence is a potential candidate for omission, some types of morphemes are omitted more than others. The examples of this type of errors are presented
below: a.
Item number 5, Data B A man dressed in an old grey overcoat. = Pria dengan jaket hujan
berwarna abu-abu tua. The sentence above is not well-formed. There is article ‘a’ in the source
language and the student omits the article in the target language. The correct form of the sentence above is Seorang pria dengan jaket hujan
berwarna abu-abu tua.
b. Item number 29, Data L
A well-designed room. = Sebuah kamar yang didesain baik. The sentence above is not well-formed. The student omits the preposition in
the target language for the word well. The correct form of the sentence above is Sebuah kamar yang didesain dengan baik.
c. Item number 21, Data AC
All the students who had returned from their vacation. = Semua siswa yang telah kembali dari liburan.
The sentence above is not well-formed. The student omits the possessive pronoun in the target language. The correct form of the sentence above is
Semua siswa yang telah kembali dari liburam mereka. d.
Item number 17, Data R A long hand-written article. = Sebuah artikel yang panjang.
The sentence above is not well-formed. The student misses one word to be translated that is hand-written. The correct form of the sentence above is
Sebuah artikel panjang yang ditulis tangan. 2.
Addition Errors Addition is the opposite of omission. Addition errors are characterized by
the presence of items that must not appear in well-formed utterances. The examples of this type of errors are presented below:
a. Item number 8, Data E
The drilling of natural gas and oil. = Pengeboran gas alam dan minyak bumi.
The sentence above is not well-formed. The student adds a word bumi in the target language. The correct form of the sentence above is Pengeboran
gas alam dan minyak. b.
Item number 23, Data Q A perfect testing on the twin-machine aeroplane. = Uji kelayakan pada
mesin kembar di pesawat. The sentence above is not well-formed. The student adds preposition di in
the target language. The correct form of the sentence above is Uji kelayakan pada mesin kembar pesawat.
c. Item number 15, Data T
Every book which is written to deceive the reader. = Setiap buku yang ditulis untuk menipu pembacanya.
The sentence above is not well-formed. The student adds possessive pronoun nya in the target language. The correct form is Setiap buku yang
ditulis untuk menipu pembaca. 3.
Misformation Errors a.
Item number 30, Data T The former prime minister, Sir William McMahon. = Perdana menteri
terbentuk, Sir William McMahon. The sentence above is not well-formed. The student makes a misformation
error in the translation, which tends to follow the form of the source language. The correct form sentence is Perdana menteri terdahulu, Sir
William McMahon.
b. Item number 14, Data T
The boy next to the window. = Anak laki-laki di depan jendela. Meaning-based translation makes the meaning of the source language text
is translated in the natural way in the target language. The well-formed sentence is Anak laki-laki di samping jendela.
c. Item number 22, Data Q
The collision between a motorcycle and a car. = Gabungan antara motor dan mobil.
One of the characteristics of unduly free translation is replace the meaning of the source language. The student has replaced the meaning collision for
the target language. The correct form sentence is Tabrakan antara sepeda motor dan mobil.
4. Misordering Errors
Misordering errors are characterized by the incorrect placement of a morpheme or group of morphemes in an utterance. The example of this type of
errors is presented below: Item number 30, data AC
The former prime minister, Sir William McMahon. = Sir William McMahon, pencetus perdana menteri.
The sentence above is not well-formed. The student misorders the noun phrases. The correct form sentence is Penceetus perdana menteri, Sir William
McMahon.
F. Describing the Frequency of Errors
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