Classes The Social Condition of 19

Katherine Daltry is an upper class woman because of that position Kate has some benefit one of them is that people will treat her respectfully: Kate knew quite well that the household was on her side. They couldn’t help it; it was bred into the bones of the best servants. They were trained to serve ladies and gentlemen, not those of their own class. Obviously they had sensed that Mariana’s origins were not genteel. James, 2010: 29. From above quotation, we could see that as an aristocrat woman, Kate has right to be treat respectfully by the servants which is the lower class. She has higher status than Mariana, which her origin is not genteel. It means that women status in the society also depend on her breed. An aristocrat woman should be treating respectfully. Prince Gabriel is also an aristocrat has sensed to treat her with good respect. At first, Gabriel wants Kate to be his Mistress. However, since Kate is a granddaughter of an earl, she cannot become a mistress: He opened his eyes. “Had I asked you something?” “ Why have you lost your mind?” she asked. “Is it because I’ve allowed you such liberties?” “Perhaps.” She scowled at him. “Offer me a post as your mistress and I’ll stab you with a fork, just as Effie stabbed Beckham. Except the fork won’t go in your hand. I am not to be trifled with.” “I like my mistresses fat and juicy,” he said, slanting her another of his wicked looks. James, 2010: 204. Gabriel really wants Kate to be his mistress but Kate is an aristocrat woman, means that she has higher position in the society. She could not be a mistress. It is why Prince Gabriel not pushes Kate to be his mistress when she refused. Even though Kate is an aristocrat, she is poor and has no dowry. Women without dowry would be difficult to find husband. Katherine Daltry is a poor aristocrat woman, so when she fall in love to Prince Gabriel, it is became a problem since Gabriel need a rich woman to marry with: “If I were not a prince, would you have me?” He said it so low that she almost didn’t hear. “To put it another way, if you had thousands of pounds, Kate, if your estate was your own, would you buy me? Because that’s what I needed, you know. I needed a woman who thought I was worth the price, and my brother found one in Russia.” James, 2010: 256. Kate and Prince Gabriel are in love, but they cannot marry because money is very important at that time. Even though aristocrats have some birthright, money also important to the women in the 19 th century. At that time upper class women need dowry to be success in the married market. Victoria Daltry is a granddaughter of an earl out of wedlock and her mother is from lower class, it means that Victoria is a lower class. Her mother Mariana Daltry wants to sec ure Victoria‟s position by marrying her with a viscount. If Victoria marries a viscount she will be a viscountess, then she will belong to the upper class. In the 19 th century British, women position also depend on their husband position. It is the reason why the women at that time want to marry a man from higher position. For that matter, Mariana makes all of her inheritance as Victoria‟s dowry. Mariana not really objects when Victoria pregnant before she married, because Mariana thinks that it will encourage Victoria‟s lover to propose: The lines between Mariana’s nose and mouth couldn’t be plumped by a miracle cream made of crushed pearls. “Dimsdale was slightly tardy in his attentions.” “Not tardy in his attentions ,” Kate said. “He’s seems to have been remarkably forward in that department.” Mariana threw her a look of dislike. “Lord Dimsdale very properly proposed marriage once he understood the situation.” “I would kill the man, were I you,” Kate told her. “Would you?” She gave an odd smile. “You always were a fool. The viscount has a title and a snug fortune, once he gets his hands on it. He’s utterly infatuated with your sister, and he’s set on marrying her.” “Fortunate,” Kate commented. James, 2010: 14-15. Mariana does everything to makes Victoria becomes an aristocrat, because at that time social position is very important. Them who belong to the upper class will get good facilities. Marrying for a position is a common affair at that time. The next is Mariana status as a lower class who marries a son of an earl. Though Mariana is marry an aristocrat, people who really know her previous status not really accept her as an aristocrat. They still treat her differently from Kate who is an aristocrat by birth: K ate knew quite well that the household was on her side. They couldn’t help it; it was bred into the bones of the best servants. They were trained to serve ladies and gentlemen, not those of their own class. Obviously they had sensed that Mariana’s origins were not genteel. James, 2010: 29. It means that a lower class could not really raise her status to be an upper class. Though a middle class people who married to the aristocrats still acceptable, its not the case to the lower class women. When the lower class women married to the upper class, they still consider as lower rank. The characters of the lower classes in the novel are the servants and tenants. The servants are Mr. Cherryderry, Mrs. Swallow, and Mary, then the tenants is Mrs. Crabtree. The lower classes in the novel conduct a simple lifestyle, the servants and tenants are depend to Mariana as their employer. Mariana treats them badly but they cannot do anything because looking for a new job is very difficult: Mariana preferred to avoid all the people working on the estate or in the village, except on the rare occasions when she developed a sudden taste for playing the lady of the manor. Then she would put on an ensemble extravagantly calculated to offend country folk, descend from her carriage, and decipher in her tenants’ startled expressions their shiftless and foolish natures. Finally she would instruct Kate to jettison them from their homes James, 2010: 8. The lower classes not have complicated rules like the upper class people. They do some hard work every day, and then could do everything they wish. Sometimes they just follow the moral rule from the church

2. Women Position Depicted in the Novel

In the novel A Kiss at Midnight, there are some conditions where women are considering in the lower position than men are. Men are the head of the family. They have responsibility toward their family welfare. Prince Gabriel is the head of his family. Women are not allowed to be the head of the family except there is no man in the family. Mariana is the head of the Daltry household because there is no man in the Daltry Family. Men also could have higher education. In the novel A Kiss at Midnight, Prince Gabriel has high education. He went to Oxford university and got his degree in ancient history: “I mean the prince. My mother said that he actually took a degree at Oxford. I didn’t even bother going to university. But he took a top degree in anc ient history. Or something like that.” The prince had not only arrogance and royal blood and a truly beautiful riding coat, but brains? James, 2010: 58. While men could have high education and go to university women are not allowed to go to school. Women education is less important. Victoria Daltry is not a smart woman. She is lack in the education because she does not have a governess. Victoria nodded. “Sometime pages and pages. Algie,” she said with pride, “is a wonderful correspondent. I didn’t have a governess, you know, so I am considerably less —well—he doesn’t mind very much.” Kate had never really thought about how Victoria’s education was affected by Mariana’s propensity to dismiss the household servants; her sister didn’t seem someone who greatly missed tutoring. But her cheeks were pink and she was still pleating her gown. “I’m sorry. I should have fought harder to keep the governess,” Kate said. James, 2010: 310-311. In the novel A Kiss at Midnight, men are allowed to have mistresses. Victor Daltry has a mistress even when his wife is alive. Prince Gabriel also considers Kate to be his mistress because he cannot marry her. Men also could have freedom outside the house. Women are not allowed to go outside the house without chaperone. It is inappropriate for women to go outside the house without a proper chaperone. Kate sighed. “If I am pretending to be Victoria, it will create a scandal if I appear in a carriage alone with Dimsdale, and the scandal will not attach to me, but to Victoria. In short, no one will be surprised when her child appears on an abbreviated schedule after the wedding.” There was a moment of silence. “All right,” Mariana said. “I would have accompanied Victoria, of course, but I can’t leave her, given her poor state of he alth. You can take Rosalie with you.” “A maid? You’re giving me a maid as a chaperone?” James, 2010: 17. Women should have a proper chaperone while she going outside the house. Woman who does not have chaperone will be object of scandal. Education In the novel A Kiss at Midnight, Prince Gabriel has high education. he goes to oxford and got his degree. The nephew of the prince and some of his friends also got high education in public school. At that time aristocrats men should go to public school and university to get proper education. Prince Gabriel also passionate toward his field study. He is good anthropologist: “Really?” Kate ventured. Thinking of Gabriel’s fierce eyes, and the set of his jaw . . . you would know that he was brilliant, just by looking at him. “[Gabriel] Took a top degree. Set all the heads a-squawking at your Oxford. He published some sort of paper that forced them to think about how they excavate old places. He cares, you see. Lot of them don’t.” James, 2010: 243. While men could go to school and be a scientist women cannot go to public school. Their education held in the house provide by a governess. Kate Daltry has had a governess. It is the reason why she is intelligent and educated. Kate could speaks French because she has some education. It is different with Victoria who does not have a governess. Victoria is ignorant and unintelligent: “French? I learned that at Eton.” There was a pause. “More or less . . . do you suppose that’s what they speak at the table?” “I shall translate, if need be,” Kate told him, thinking that it was a good thing she had come rather than Victoria, who didn’t speak a word of French. Thankfully, she herself had learned the language before her father died. “Do you know anything of the prince’s entourage?” James, 2010: 71. French is one of the things that allowed to be learned by women. Women’s education are different to men. While men could have real education and knowledge about real science, Women should study languages and household