12 goals in difficult goals level, so it will be boost their motivation to reach those
goals
.
As the theoretical factors are well-established, later it will be useful for the researcher to achieve the objectives of this study
.
Specifically, those factors will enable the researcher to categorize the types of motivation the 1
st
grade students of SMK N 1 Depok have
.
2. Types of Motivation
a. Instrumental Motivation
Gardner 1983, p205 defines instrumental motivation as “learning a
language because of someone else or less clearly perceived utility it might have for th
e learner”. Wilkins 1972, p.184 assumes a learner is instrumentally motivated when he or
she wants to learn a language “in order to pass examination, to use it in one’s job, to use it in holiday in the country, as a change of watching
television, because the educational system requires it”. With instrumental motivation, the purpose of language learning is more utilitarian, such as meeting
the requirements for school, applying for a job, reading technical material.
b. Integrative Motivation
Gardner 1983, p.203 has explained and clarified what is meant by an integrative motivation as
“learning a language because the learner wishes to identify himself with or become integrated into the society
of target language”. Additionally, Finnegan 1999, p.568 states
that “a learner is integrativelly motivated when heshe learns a language because he or she wants to know more
13 of the culture and values of the foreign language group, to make contact with the
speaker of the language, to live in the country concerned”. Finnegan also believes that students who like the people that speak a target language, admire the culture
and have desire to become familiar or even integrate into society in which the target language is used are most successful in learning that target language. This
form of motivation known as integrative motivation, is believed by Finnegan to underlies successful acquisition of a wide range of registers and a native like
pronunciation. Therefore, identifying SMK N 1 Depok students’ motivation will be
related to the reason for which they learn the English language. In other words, instrumental or integrative reasons w
ill be considered as far as the students’ motivation is concerned. What is important is that the two orientations of
motivation are not mutually exclusive. Some learners learn better if they are integrativelly oriented while others will be more successful if they are
instrumentally motivated and some learn better if they have both of those motivations.
3. Attitude
