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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter deals with the methodology used in conducting this study
.
It consists of research method, research participants, research instruments, data
gathering technique, data analysis technique, and research procedure
.
A. Research Method
This study was conducted to identify SMK N 1 Depok students’ motivational and attitudinal orientations in learning English language
.
To achieve the objective, two research instruments were used, questionnaire and interview
.
The research was conducted in a survey study and made use of quantitative and qualitative data
.
To get the reliable data to analyze, the researcher had selected to gain quantitative data from the questionnaire to be calculated precisely
.
On the other hand, the data from the interview was analyzed using a content analysis
method to get qualitative data
.
B. Research Participants
The research participants of this study were the 1
st
grade students of SMK N 1 Depok Yogyakarta
.
The researcher decided the school as the research field because he had once practiced teaching there for 3 months. Thus the researcher
was quite familiar with the condition of the school
.
The target students’ population in this study was all the 1
st
grade students who studied in the academic year 2013-2014 in SMK N 1 Depok
.
A random sampling technique was employed
22 by the researcher to select a representative sampling of the subjects in this study
.
There were six classes, each class had 32 students, and the researcher was randomly selected 3 classes
.
Meanwhile, only 10 students were involved in the interview
.
The students were selected based on their response to the questionnaire in section B
.
In section B of the questionnaire, the students were asked to answer a question on whether or not they were interested in attending more English
language training courses to improve their English proficiency
.
10 students whose responses were
“yes” were selected randomly as interviewee.
C. Research Instruments
The primary instrument used in this study was a questionnaire
.
The questionnaire was translated into Indonesian
.
It consisted of three sections: A, B and C
.
In section A, the questionnaire collected the students’ basic information
.
Section B consists of two parts which included questions to identify the students’
motivation to learn English language
.
The researcher adapted the questions from integrative and instrumental orientation scales of the five-point scale format of
Gardner’s AttitudeMotivation Test Battery Gardner, 1985, ranging from ‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’
.
It might be worth indicating that Gardner’s
instrumental and integrative types of motivation were adopted because such a clasification offers “an impetus to the study of languages attitudes and motivation
that h ad previously been lacking” Benson, 1991, p
.
35
.
The AttitudeMotivation
23 Test Battery AMTB is also reported to have good reliability and validity
Gardner, 1985 In section B of the questionnaire, the students were asked to answer a
question on whether or not they were interested in attending more English language training courses to improve their English proficiency
.
The items of Gardner’s AMTB were integrative orientation item number 1-4 and instrumental
orientation item number 5-8
.
Section C of the questionnaire was developed to elicit information regarding the students’ attitudes towards the English language
.
In this section, the students were given ten statements. They were asked to specify their responses to
those statements by using the five- point scale format of Gardner’s
AttitudeMotivation Test Battery, ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree
.
It might be worth mentioning that the researcher modified some statements into positive item number 1, 2, 5, 8, 9 and negative item number 3, 4, 6, 7, 10
.
Another instrument was in a form of interview. The interview was used to gain data to cross-
validate the students’ responses to the questionnaire
.
The students were asked questions related to their motivation and attitude towards the
English language
.
The questions were: their reasons for learning English, their interest to attend English courses, and their attitudes towards the English language
and towards the culture of English speaking world
.
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D. Data Gathering Technique
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