2.2.4 Conjunctive Adverbs
These adverbs, like coordinate and correlative conjunctions, are used to connect, basic sentence patterns and make compound sentences. However unlike
the coordinate conjunctions, they are grammatically a part of the sentences they introduce and could be moved to an internal position in the sentence.
Conjunctive adverbs are : accordingly
also besides
consequently conversely
finally furthermore
hence however
indeed instead
likewise meanwhile
moreover nevertheless
next nonetheless
otherwise similarly
still subsequently
then therefore
thus
2.3 The Use of Conjunction
To use conjunction need the rule that we have to follow. These the way of use conjunction consist of the punctuation and form.
2.3.1 Coordinating Conjunction
Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, and clauses. For examples
:
1 The bowl of squid eyeball stew is hot and delicious.
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2 The squid eyeball stew is so thick that you can eat it with a fork or
spoon. 3
Rocky, my orange tomcat, loves having his head scratched but hates getting his claws trimmed.
The Punctuation of Coordinating Conjunctions
Three patterns in writing use coordinating conjunctions. Add commas when required.
Pattern 1 — Connecting two main clauses
When you connect two main clauses with a coordinating conjunction, use a comma. The pattern looks like this:
main clause + , + coordinating conjunction + main clause
Here are some examples :
1 While I am at work, my dog Floyd sleeps on the bed, and my cat
Buster naps in the bathtub. 2
Annabel’s pedigree might have included a grandfather who was a viscount, but she was a country gentleman’s daughter.
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Pattern 2 — Connecting two items You can also use a coordinating conjunction to connect any two items. These
items can be any grammatical unit except main clauses. The pattern looks like this:
item + Ø + coordinating conjunction + item
Here are some examples:
1 My dog Floyd has too many fleas and too much hair.
2 My cat Buster has beautiful blue eyes but a destructive personality.
Pattern 3 — Connecting three or more items in a series
When you have three or more items in a series, you generally use a comma before the coordinating conjunction. Some handbooks and style guides will
tell you that this comma is optional, but my advice is to put it in. The pattern looks like this:
item + , + item + , + coordinating conjunction + item
Here are some examples :
1 Peanuts, cookies, and milk.
2 A piece of paper, pen, and pencil.
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2.3.2 Correlative Conjunction
Use correlative conjunctions to link equivalent items in pairs. Such conjunctions might include phrases such as both ... and, either ... or, neither
... nor or whether ... or and should be placed next to the words they connect. For examples :
1 Either we meet the budget or downsizing will be the alternative.
2 She is respected by neither her clients nor her colleagues.
3 They not only finished the project on time but also came in below
budget.
When you use correlative conjunctions, be careful about verb agreement.
If you connect two subjects with a correlative conjunction, the second one must agree with the verb that follows.
1 Every single evening either the horned owl or the squabbling cats
wake Samantha with their racket. 2
Every single evening either the squabbling cats or the horned owl wakes Samantha with its racket.
When you use correlative conjunctions, be careful about pronoun agreement.
If you connect two antecedents with a correlative conjunction, the second one must agree with the pronoun that follows.
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1 Neither Yolanda nor the cousins expressed their disappointment
when blind Aunt Sophie set down the plate of burnt hamburgers. 2
Neither the cousins norYolanda expressed her disappointment when blind Aunt Sophie set down the plate of burnt hamburgers.
When you use correlative conjunctions, be careful about parallel structure.
Either ... or, neither ... nor, and not only ... but also require special attention when you are proofreading for parallelism. Be sure that you have equal
grammatical units after both parts of the conjunction.
You can have two main clauses like this:
Not onlydid Michael grill a steak for Tiffany, buthealsoprepared a hotdog for Rocket, her dog.
Or you can shorten the sentence with two prepositional phrases:
Michael grilled meat not onlyfor Tiffanybut alsofor Rocket, her dog.
Or you can have two nouns as this version does:
Michael grilled meat for not onlyTiffanybut alsoRocket, her dog.
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2.3.3 Subordinating Conjunction
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