TEACHING TECHNIQUE USED BY THE TEACHER IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT AL KAUTSAR KINDERGARTEN PASURUAN

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This chapter discusses some topics related to the background of the study, statement of the problems, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and limitation, the definition of key terms.

1.1. Background of the Study

Education is a human right that should be got by everyone. The purpose of education is for improving or developing their quality. The education is as media for developing and training someone’s ability or talent that they have. By education, everyone can get a good knowledge, and they will learn many things.

Language is very important for people, because it is used to communicate with others. Bahasa is the first language used by Indonesian people and English is learned as a foreign language. English is an international language and the most important language to learn. It will be better to learn English in the early age, because children are easier to get and remember new things.

English is needed for children’s future to communicate and compete with other people around the world. Many scientific books and literary books are written in English because many countries use English as their standard language. Many kindergarten schools in Indonesia have English subject in their school’s curriculum. It is not easy for the teacher to teach the kindergarten students a new language because young learners still like playing around. The teacher should use interesting teaching techniques in order to make the young

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learner enjoy, comfort and pay attention to study English, they also have to be patient when they give simple instruction to make them understand.

Brown (2001: 16), “Technique is any of a wide variety of exercise, activities, or devices used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objectives.” It means that the techniques implemented can help the teachers’ role in the classroom. In addition Brown (2001), classify kinds of technique into two classifications, they are manipulative and communicative technique. Manipulative technique is a technique that is totally controlled by the teacher and it requires a predicted response from the students. Otherwise, communicative technique students’ responses are completely open-ended and therefore unpredictable and the example of communicative technique are storytelling, brainstorming, role plays, and certain games. Furthermore, Hamid (2009:1) explains that teaching techniques are an action of teaching which is more specifically used in order to give a better illustration or a deep understanding about the material through and action. A better result in teaching can be achieved by paying attention

There are many kinds of teaching techniques used to teach English for young learners more fun and interesting. Kasbolah (1999:7) mentions kinds of technique that can be used in teaching children such as song and chants, storytelling, reading book, puzzle, portfolio, arts and craft. In line with it, Sabillah (2004) explains that the best techniques of teaching English to young learner are games and song. Those techniques are effective because they are fun activities for children. Students at kindergarten like to play games and to sing a song. They can study while playing and singing. It make easier to teacher manage the classroom and the students will focus with their activities.

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Maharani (2008) has conducted a research entitled “A Study on The Techniques of Teaching English in The First Grade of the International Primary School Laboratory of UM”. The problem of the research is what the teaching techniques used by the teacher. The result of this research shows that the teaching techniques used by the teacher are story telling, flashcard, games and songs. Those techniques were appropriate for teaching English of first graders or young learner. The teacher applied the techniques by considering the student’s characteristics. However, while using games, the teacher needed to make simple instructions in order to make the student understand.

Based on Sabillah, Kasbolah and the previous research, the best teaching techniques for teaching English to young learners are games, song, and storytelling. Those activities can make young learner learn something new with feeling happy and enjoy. It can help the teacher to manage the classroom and deliver the material well.

The difference between the previous research and this study is that this study takes kindergarten students as the subject. It is because the researcher wants to analyze how the way the teacher teaches English to the children in kindergarten. Therefore, the teacher technique that is used by the teacher will give important role for students’ ability. In addition, if the students have good response to the teaching and learning process, it will give positive impact for students’ future.

This study takes place in Al-Kautsar Kindergarten in Pasuruan. It is one of famous kindergarten schools in Pasuruan. It has good lesson and fun activities for the students. English has been taught in K-B since 2010, the teacher graduate from

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English major. In this level, there are four classes and every class has a chance to move to English class once a week. The teacher gives the lesson not only lecturing the student but he give a many kinds of English teaching technique to make the student enjoy while in the class.

Not only activities in the class, there are some extra curricular programs which are suitable for young learners. Some of them are: traditional self defense art, dance, and marching band. They also have a swimming program for the routine activity every two weeks, and it becomes a favorite program for the students. The students not only play in the pool but they also learn how to swim with the swimming coach.

Since this school has become favorite Kindergarten in Pasuruan and have English curriculum, the researcher wants to analyze the teaching technique used by the teacher to teach English for young learner at Al-Kautsar Kindergarten of Pasuruan.

1.2 Statement of Problems

From the background of the study, the researcher formulates the statement of the problem as following:

1 What are kinds of teaching technique used by teacher at Al Kautsar kindergarten of Pasuruan?

2 How does the teacher implement the teaching techniques in teaching English in Al Kautsar Kindergarten of Pasuruan?

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1.3 Purposes of The Study

1. To know the kinds of teaching technique used by teacher at Al Kautsar kindergarten Pasuruan.

2. To describe the techniques used by teacher in teaching English at Al Kautsar Kindergarten of Pasuruan.

3. To find out the students’ responses toward teaching technique used by the teacher.

1.4 Significance of The Study

1. The result of this study will be useful for English teacher of kindergarten. It will increase the teachers’ knowledge about how to use the techniques and students’ response of teaching English in kindergarten. Moreover, it also will give teacher information about the problem faced by teacher in teaching English for Kindergarten. This, the teacher can improve their technique in teaching English for Kindergarten.

2. The result of the study will be useful for the readers. It will give them the important information about the techniques of teaching English in Kindergarten.

3. The result of the study will also be useful for the next researcher. It can be used as a reference to write a similar thesis.

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1.5 Scope and Limitation

The scope of this study is focus on the teaching technique used by the teacher at Al-Kautsar kindergarten. Moreover, the researcher also limits the study only on second grade of class B-4 period 2014-2015 at Al-Kautsar kindergarten.

1.6 Definition of Key Term a. Teaching

Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand (Brown, 2000). Teaching is an activity usually done by the teacher to help the learner to learn something.

b. Technique

According to Brown (2001: 16), “Technique is any of a wide variety of exercise, activities, or devices used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objectives.” Teaching technique helps the teacher to manage the atmosphere of the classroom.

c. Young learner

Young Learners are pupils and children between five and ten or eleven years old. Based on the book, they divided into two main groups, the five to seven years old and the eight to ten years old. (Scott and Ytreberg: 2002).

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TEACHING TECHNIQUE USED BY THE TEACHER IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT AL KAUTSAR KINDERGARTEN PASURUAN

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Department

BY:

FEINNA MAAYA SABARA 08360071

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

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This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

on July 30, 2015

Approved by:

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Malang

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alkhamdulillah, in the name of Allah, the beneficent and the merciful. All praises be to Allah, the lord of the world, who has given the blessing health, strength and wonderful life, who always hear my pray, and gives me power, patience and fluency in competing this study.

Many great thanks addresses to my best advisor, Dr. Masduki, M. Pd and Iswahyuni, M. Pd for their times, advices, patience, and motivation. The best thanks also go to all the lecturer of English Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang for teaching, guiding, and educating me.

Finally, special thanks is delivered to my beloved parents Ma’ruf Ikhsan and Roichatul Jannah, my Sister Raodlah El Farah and Nida Urrahma, my brother in law Erik Eka Suryana, and for all my big family Bani Ikhsan and Bani Noor who always support, help and pray the best for me. Big thanks also to my best friends Vanny, Byli, Cwa, Reza, mbak Atin, Asmaul, Matuka Family, Mrs. Denny as Al Kautsar’s previous headmaster, Mrs. Ririn as present Headmaster and also Al Kautsar’s teacher and crew who help me in data collection and all of you always support me and pray for me. The last word “YEAH! I did it”.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

APPROVAL ………. i

LEGALIZATION……… ii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION……… iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..……….. iv

ABSTRACT……….... ……….. v

TABLE OF CONTENT ……….. vi

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ……… 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem ……… 4

1.3 Purpose of the Study ……… 5

1.4 Significance of the Study ………. 5

1.5 Scope and Limitation ……….. 6

1.6 Definition of Key Terms ……….. 6

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Teaching ………... 7

2.1.1 Teaching English to Young Learner………... 8

2.2 Characteristics of Young Learners and Teacher in Teaching Young Learner………. 9

2.2.1 Characteristic of Young Learner………. 9

2.2.2 Characteristic of Teacher in Teaching Young Learner………. 11

2.3 Teaching Technique………….………. 13

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2.3.2 Song……… 15

2.3.3 Story Telling……… 16

2.3.4 Role Play……… 16

2.3.5 Look and Say………. 17

2.3.6 Question and Answer……… 17

2.4 The Implementation of Teaching Techniques………… 18

2.4.1 Pre-Task ……… 18

2.4.2 Whilst-Task……….. 18

2.4.3 Post-Task ………. 18

2.5 Young Learner’s Responses……… 19

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ……….. 21

3.2 Research Subject……….. 22

3.3 Research Instruments …...……… 22

3.4 Data……….……….……… 22

3.5 Data Collection Methods………. 23

3.5.1 Observation……… 23

3.5.2 Interview……… 24

3.6 Data Collection………. 25

3.7 Data Analysis……….. 25

CHAPTER IV : FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Research Findings ……… 27

4.1.1 Techniques of Teaching English……… 27

4.1.2 The Implementation of Teaching Technique……. 31

4.1.2.1Moving About……… 32

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4.1.2.3Games………. 33

4.1.2.4Story Telling…………..………. 34

4.1.2.5Look and Say………. 34

4.1.2.6 Role Play………. 35

4.1.2.7 Question and Answer……….. 36

4.1.2.8 Matching……… 36

4.1.2.9 Straight Copying………. 37

4.1.2.10 Instruction………. 37

4.1.3 Students’ Response Toward the Implementation of the TeachingTechniques……… 37

4.2 Discussion……….. 46

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusion ………. 51

5.2 Suggestions……….. 52

5.2.1 Suggestion Teacher in Kindergarten School……… 52

5.2.2 Further Researcher……… 53 REFERENCES

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REFERENCES

Agoestyowati, Redjeki. 2007. 102 English games (from A to Z). Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama

Arindawati, A. E. & Hasbullah Huda. 2004. Beberapa alterative pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Malang: Bayumedia Publishing.

Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education (sixth edition). New York: Wadswordt Group

Brown, H.D.2000. Principle of language learning and teaching. New York: Addison Wesley longman

Brown, H.D.2001. Teaching by Principles: an Interactive Approach to Language Pendagogy. New York: Addison Wesley longman

Callahan. J. F and Leobard H Clark. 2002. Teaching in the middle and secondary school. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Gay, L. R. 1990. Educational research, competencies for analysis and application. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

Hamid, Huzaifah (2009). Konsep Dasar Metode dan Teknik Pembelajaran (online) (http://zaifbio.wordpress.com/2009/07/01/konsep -dasar-metode-dan-teknik-pembelajaran/)

Kasbolah, Kasihani. 1999. Teaching English to Young Learners. State University of Malang.

Maharani. 2008. A Study on The Techniques of Teaching English in The First Grade of the International Primary School Laboratory of UM. UM: Unpublished Thesis

Mardin, Qaafyan. 2009. A Study on Teaching Technique in English for Young Learner Program grade V-VI conducted by English Department Student Academic Year 2008-2009. UMM: Unpublished thesis

Ryoo, Gi Taek. (2011). Question and Answer Technique: Discovering the Reader in L2 Writing Classroom. Daegu Haany University. South Korea. Retrieved on 1st july 2013, from www.tesolreview.org/down/Gi.pdf

Sabilah, Fardini. 2004. Teaching English to Young Learners: It’s Policy, Framework, and Activity-based Teaching. UMM: unpublished book

Scoot. W. A and L.H Ytreberg. 2002. Teaching English to children. New York: Longman Group