The Objective of Research The Method of Research The Instrument of Research The Technique of Sample Taking

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND FINDING

A. Research Methodology

1. The Objective of Research

The objectives of this research are: a. To know the types of errors the students made in writing. b. To know the most errors made by the students.

2. The Method of Research

In this research, the writer uses the qualitative method. It is called qualitative because, as Donald Ary, et al., imply that, “Qualitative method seeks to understand a phenomenon by focusing on the total picture rather than breaking it down into variables”. 126 In case, phenomenon refers to the study of finding the students’ error types and the most their error types occur in their descriptive writing. Since this study only focuses on specific school namely “MAN 2 Kota Bogor”, it is also considered as a case study. Meanwhile, based on Donald Ary, et al., the purpose of case study “…… is to arrive at a detailed description and understanding of the entity. In addition a case study can result in data from which generalization method, such as interview, observation, and achieves to gather data”. 127

3. The Instrument of Research

The writer uses a written test as the instrument for collecting the data. For the test, the teacher gave selected topics that related with person, 126 Donald Ary, et al., Introduction to Research in Education Sixth Edition, Belmont: Wadsworth Group Thomson Learning Inc., 2002, p. 25. 127 Ary, et al., Introduction to … p. 27. place, and things, that have relation with descriptive text and students were asked to write a descriptive writing. Besides that the writer uses observation and interview to complete the data needed.

4. The Technique of Sample Taking

The population of the study includes all XI year of science students of “MAN 2 Kota Bogor”. There are 400 students in this level. They are divided into ten classes. In order to take the sample of the school the purposive sampling is used, that is Science V become the sample of the research. Thus, the total number of sample is 40 students.

5. The Technique of Data Collecting