The one that actually shall do the diary writing is the man. However due to the situation that mentioned in the quotation above, women can fill their leisure
time to make a writing which in Japanese it is called as nikki, means diary.
E. Theoretical Framework
The writer will use the theory of character and characterization to analyze the characteristic of some important characters in the story. The theory of
character and characterization will help the writer to answer the first problem formulation. In order to see the concept of marriage exists in Heian era, the
description about the characters and its characteristics is needed. By using the theory of character, the writer will understand the prevailing concept of marriage
through the character istic and the characters‟ marriages in the novel. Both of them
will be faced to the conditions and terms that occur in the story. As a result of facing those aspects, it brings out the concept of marriage which exists in the
novel. Meanwhile, the theory of setting will help the writer to analyze what kind
of Heian era is and gives detail explanation which can reveal what, when, and where the story is set. This theory can help the writer to answer the second
problem formulation about the marriage as the setting of the story. To strengthen the proof that the concept in the story match with the concept of marriage that
exist in history. In doing this research, first the writer will identify the characteristic of the
characters and their marriages in the story. Second, the writer will find out how the marriage as the setting of the story was described in the story. The last, using
the help from the first and second descriptions, the writer will find out the concept of marriage presented th
rough the characters‟ marriages and the setting of Heian Japanese aristocracy from the story. Then the conclusion will follow afterward.
22
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A.
Object of Study
Genji Monogatari , written by Murasaki Shikibu is one of some the world’s
oldest novels. The Tale of Genji as it is called in the translation version. It was written shortly after the year 1000 in Japan, when the era was called Heian.
Genji Monogatari is, many ag ree, the world’s oldest novel, written a
thousand years ago, but almost totally unknown to western reader until the appearance of the fine translations of Arthur Waley and Edward G.
Seidensticker in this century. Puette, 1983: 23 The novel that is used by the writer in doing this research is The Tale of
Genji translated by Arthur Waley with a new foreword by Dennis Washburn
which was printed in Singapore under the Tuttle Publishing, a registered trademark of Tuttle Publishing
– a division of periplus Editions HK Ltd. It was printed by in the year of 2010. According to Dennis Washburn in his foreword of
The Tale of Genji , the Arthur Waley translation of Lady Murasaki’s masterpiece,
the translation of the novel by Arthur Waley has the beauty for expressing the main text, Genji Monogatari.
The translation of The Tale of Genji by Arthur Waley 1889-1966 in six part between 1921 and 1933 was a seminal achievmen. Widely praised at
the time of its publications for its stylistic beauty and its masterly rendering of characters and setting, the work showed that literary
translation, especially from Asian Language, was not merely a narrow scholarly or instrumental persuit, but a task that could be considered an art
form in itself. Shikibu, 2010: ix
