Table 4.1.4 The Phenomenalities and the Thought Presentations
No. Phenomenalities and Thought
Presentations Excerpt
1 Excerpt
2 Excerpt
3
1. Phenomenal
2 1
5 2.
Macro - Phenomenal -
- -
3. Meta
- Phenomenal
Direct Thought DT
- -
- Indirect Thought
IT 6
3 3
Free Direct Thought FDT
- -
- Free Indirect
Thought FIT 18
16 24
Narrator Report of Thought Act
NRTA 1
2 -
4. Embedded Idea
- -
6
Total
27 22
38 The FIT becomes the common style to deliver the message in all excerpts rather
than the other types of phenomenalities or thought presentations as what has been claimed by Leech and Short 2007. In excerpt 1 and 2, after the FIT is the
Indirect Thought IT. The phenomenal as the phenomenon in the mental process and the Narrator Report of Thought Act NRTA come after the IT. As for excerpt
3, after the FIT is the embedded idea which is followed by the phenomenal as phenomenon in the mental process and the IT.
4.1.3.1 Phenomenal as Phenomenon
One of the indicators on the character’s mental representation is the mental verbs occurring with phenomenal as phenomenon. From excerpt 1 until excerpt 3,
the occurrences of the phenomenal as phenomenon have both a similarity and a difference. The similarity is that the mental verbs that occur in each excerpt are
perceptive verbs, while the difference is that in addition to perceptive process, excerpt 1 employs desiderative process, and excerpt 3 uses emotive process.
M.1.2a Mavis chose silence desiderative M.1.17c …, she felt feverish-sweaty and cold together. perceptive
M.2.1a …, Mavis woke felt-mouthed, ugly, unfocused perceptive
M.3.5 In fact she had enjoyed it. emotive
M.3.18 She still heard Merle and Pearl perceptive As seen in the examples above, in the context of appraisals, the phenomenals in
excerpt 1 are used to show the affect +des with desiderative process and affect - sec in perceptive process. On the other side, in excerpt 2, the appraisals show the
appreciation -val and judgment -cap with Mavis as the appraised in perceptive process. Last, the emotive process of M.3.5 expresses the affect +hap.
4.1.3.2 Indirect Thought IT
The mental verbs can also occur in the meta-phenomenal as phenomenon stylistically known as Indirect Thought IT. The list of the phenomenon in the IT
in excerpt 1 is relational process, material process, and verbal process, and the mental verbs can be cognitive or desiderative.
M.1.2b … she understood that he was talking not to her but to the other children, snickering behind the door cognitive-
verbal M.1.3
It was, she knew, the signal-to Sal, to Frankie, to Billy James cognitive-relational
M.1.7 Dawn, Mavis thought, would be critical cognitive-
relational M.1.14 She would have to decide which way she was headed…
desiderative-material M.1.17b she remembered … the spare keys were pinned …
cognitive-material From the analysis of the participant of the meta-phenomenal in the example
above, it can be revealed that the verbal process M.1.2b is used because the context is a conversation, and the character tries to analyze her husband’s
utterance. For the relational processes in the cognitive verbs in M.1.3 and M.1.7, they are used to show that the character analyzes the situation such as
dawn as the carrier and critical as the attribute. Then the material processes in the
desiderative, in form of question, and cognitive are employed to express the action considered by the character M.1.14 and to describe the situation also M.1.17b.
Here, the writer tends to tell the readers instead of bring the readers to the mind of the character.
The IT in this excerpt carries some forms of modalities and appraisals. The modalities in this excerpt are the probability, obligation, and inclination, and the
appraisals are the judgment -cap and affect +des. The probability has high and median value, but the inclination only has high value, and the obligation has the
median value. However, the inclination, which also represents the affect +des, and the obligation are placed in one clause which emphasize the importance of the
decision. The high value of probability that also carries the judgment -cap deals with Mavis’s understanding on Frank, her husband, and her children and the
children attitude toward her. On the other hand, the median value is used to analyze the situation M.1.7.
If the IT in excerpt 1 contains the relational, material, and verbal processes, excerpt 2 contains the relational, material, and perceptive processes with cognitive
and desiderative verbs. M.2.1b she … knew she was ravenous because of the sun,
watermelon red, looked edible cognitive-relational M.2.7
She did not know why she had run from the gold links coming toward her. cognitive-material
M.2.11 she … decided not to starve. desiderative-perceptive
As seen in the example above, with the cognitive verbs, the meta – phenomenal can be relational process M.2.1b in the form of statement or material process
M.2.7 in the form of question. With relational process, the clause talks about Mavis condition, she as carrier and ravenous as attribute in the projected idea.
Ravenous also reflects affect -sat with Mavis as the appraiser. The effect is
strengthened by watermelon red, looked edible which has appreciation +comp. However, with the material process in the form of the question illustrates that
Mavis questioned about her action previously, she as actor with the intransitive verb run. As for the desiderative verb, it comes with perceptive starve explaining
about her condition also. It reflects affect -sat.From the perspective of modality, all of the mental verbs above employ high value of modality. Thus, the
occurrences of the IT are used by the narrator only to talk and emphasize about Mavis and her dissatisfaction.
Only one IT is seen in excerpt 3, and it appears with the desiderative verb. The desiderative verb in the example below forms the clause along with the
cognitive verb. M.2.11 Now she needed to know if what Gigi said about her was
the reason she welcomed it. desiderative cognitive – relational
Moreover, the desiderative verb, needed, employs the high value of obligation and
the cognitive verb, know, high value of probability. Then seeing from the context, the phenomenon, in the form of the relational process, talks about the condition of
the character. As a result, this combination creates the effect of urgency of the character to find and understand about her mental development.
4.1.3.2 Free Indirect Thought FIT
