The systematic procedures in conducting the analysis are as follows: a.
The location of the research b.
The technique of collecting data population and sample c.
Identifying the words or sentences in the conversation which belong to code switching and code mixing.
d. Classifying and analyzing the types of code switching and the forms of code
mixing. e.
Calculating each type of code switching and code mixing and determining the most dominant type.
f. Drawing some conclusions based on the result of analysis.
The method of study applied in this thesis is library and field research. The writer uses the methods to find out the data and relevant information that will support the
analysis from the written sources, those are from text books, internet, thesis and dictionaries. In collecting the baseline data, it will be collected by sampling, collecting
the data by make a recording of the conversation or utterances and finishing the analysis based on the real fact directly.
3.1 Population and Sample
To complete this research, the writer needs population and sample. The population in this thesis is some of the staffs of Grand Elite Hotel Medan Front Office
Department that can be recognized to be able to speak English well. Front Desk Agent
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Receptionist, Telephone Operator, Reservation Agent and Front Office Supervisor are the samples.
Sometimes, taking sample in qualitative research can be more and less, the information which is gotten can be maximal, like the statement of Patton 1975 in
Guba and Lincoln, 1985 : 233:
“The sample is to be selected in ways that will provide the broadest range of information possible. Thus what is meant by a qualitative
isomorph in this case is a qualitative informational isomorph, that is, a sample that is expanded until redundancy with respect to information is
reached at which point sampling is terminated. Thus sample maybe large or small, but it is sufficient when the amount of new information
provided per unit of added resource expenditure has reach the point of diminishing returns that is it would not be profitable to add even one
more sample element”
Purposive sampling Lincoln and Guba, 1985 : 2001-202 ; Lexy Moleong, 2000 : 165 - 66 can be characterized as follows:
a. Emergent sampling design, the sample can’t be found or taken at the first.
b. Serial selection of sample units, if the purpose is to maximize information, the
sampling is terminated when no new information is forthcoming from newly samples units, thus redundancy is primary criterion.
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c. Continuous adjustment, get more information can expand a hypothesis based on
the focus of research. d.
Selection to the point of redundancy, selecting the last sample if there is no more information can be found.
The writer chooses some people that are considered will give the data that the writer need. After that, from those samples, the writer will choose more people to be the
samples to give more complete data. But, in purposive sampling, samples are taken by information consideration. Further, Bouma Gary D. 1993 : 119 in his book “The
Research Process” revision edition say “Purposive sampling. Some researchers believe that they can, using judgement or intuition, select the best people or groups to be
studied. The typical rural school is selected and studied, and the results generalized to rural school”.
From the quotation above, the writer has to find out the typical and the best Front Office staffs who can give the complete data. William, at. Al 1982 : 107 says
“Respondents who are hard to locate and crucial to the study”. They are wished can give the unique experience and the knowledge or the data about code switching and code
mixing that is needed by the writer.
3.2 Location and Time of Observation
