CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter consists of three main parts; they are subject matter, approach of the study and the procedures. The subject matter contains a brief description of
the novel. The approach of the study deals with the approach used to analyze the problems. The procedures of conducting this study are also explained in the last
part of this chapter.
A. Object of The Study
The object of this study is Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel entitled Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Getting along with numerous slave accounts and Stowe’s
interviews in 1851 and 1852, she finally wrote one of the most famous American books of the nineteenth century, published serially in one of the most popular
abolitionist magazine called New Era. In March of 1852, the novel was firstly published by Boston publisher, J. P.
Jewett, who published the work. This novel consists of 45 chapters of 519 pages. Uncle Tom’s Cabin novel was very phenomenal, it immediately broke all sales
records of the day: selling half-a-million copies by 1857. The novel was quickly translated into 37 languages and it sold in five years over half a million copies in
the United States. Uncle Toms Cabin was an attack against an institution of slavery that most
Southerners had. However, Stowe believed that the Southerners who enslaved PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
blacks were also victims of the institution. It made them completely dependent upon slave labor. That was why the Southerners considered her as a great threat to
their way of life. At the same time, Northerners considered her as a symbol of the anti-slavery movement.
Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin.s The Classic Text : Tradition and Interpretations states that Uncle Toms Cabin novel was regarded as a
polemic. However, it became national folklore with its characters achieved their own mythic status in the national awareness. This novel was very popular. It
raised vast impact on contemporary public opinion far beyond its technical intrinsic worth, and it remains an icon of the historic struggle to abolish slavery in
the United States, especially through the struggle of Tom in facing and responding to himself and the black society condition in the slavery era.
B. Approach
In this study, the writer chooses the socio-historical approach as the basis of the discussion. It is the most appropriate one to view a literary work from the
social and cultural condition when the work was created and the historical background when the work was written. The story of Uncle Tom’s Cabin deals
with the people and society in Southern America. The author of this novel, Stowe, was purely inspired by the condition of Afro American or black people at that
time, who were violated on their human right, discriminated, neglected and suffered from slavery. The socio-historical background helps to connect between
the real facts happened at 1850’s in Southern America and how the condition of PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
the society was with the story of the novel, so that we are able to know Tom’s struggle to get freedom from slavery.
C. Method of the Study
The method of data gathering in analyzing this novel was library research. The writer found the data and information for this study mostly from the library.
Some resources were also gathered from the internet. They supply data and information which were not available in the library. The books, texts, electronic
Encyclopedia and articles used in this study are those, which are particularly related and support the object of this study. The primary data is the novel of Uncle
Tom’s Cabin and the secondary data are the other books, texts, and articles related to the study.
The first step of working on Uncle Tom’s Cabin novel was reading the novel thoroughly and carefully page by page. My first impression was that the
novel contains a lot of historical things. This was because the novel is very old, published in 1852, and looked more like a history book. The second step was
understanding the novel and getting the idea out of it. The language was not easy to understand but it was quite interesting. The story was also exciting; it related to
people and society, and of course slavery. The writer worked hard and tried to make a correct interpretation about the novel. After reading it up for several times,
the third step was rewriting the ideas coming up in mind and then the writer chose the most interesting and researchable one as the theme of this study. The fourth
step was collecting the supporting resources, books, articles, and texts, especially PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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