SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
1.
Tanaman padi gogo yang ternaung mengalami perubahan karakter agronomi dan morfo-fisiologi. Perubahan pada padi gogo genotipe
toleran lebih kecil dibanding genotipe peka yang menyebabkan produksi padi gogo genotipe toleran jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan
genotipe peka dan karakter agronomi yang menjadi karakter penentu produksi relatif padi gogo toleran naungan adalah jumlah gabah per
malai, persentase gabah hampa dan jumlah anakan produktif
.
2. Toleransi yang tinggi pada genotipe toleran naungan direfleksikan oleh tanaman yang memiliki karakter bobot gabah kering yang tinggi, jumlah
anakan maksimum tinggi dan persentase kehampaan yang lebih rendah. Berdasarkan karakter agronomi, TB 177 E-28-B-3 nomor galur 2 adalah
galur yang tidak konsisten toleran sementara galur yang memiliki konsistensi toleransi yang tinggi pada naungan 50 ditunjukkan oleh
Jatiluhur nomor galur 1, B 9266 -PN -7-MR-2-PN-4 nomor galur 6, TB 165 E-TB - 6 nomor galur 7, TB 13 G -TB - 2 nomor galur 8, B 149 F-
MR-7 nomor galur 9, Dodokan nomor galur 10 dan ITA 247 nomor galur 11.
3. Adaptasi yang tinggi terhadap naungan ditunjukkan genotipe toleran Jatiluhur yang direfleksikan oleh konsentrasi total nitrogen daun
meningkat lebih besar, N terlarut menurun lebih rendah, protein kloroplas dan protein membran tilakoid lebih tinggi dibandingkan genotipe peka
Kalimutu pada fase vegetatif aktif dan pengisian biji. 4. Penurunan konsentrasi total nitrogen daun, nitrogen terlarut dan protein
membran tilakoid pada uji cepat lebih besar ditunjukkan oleh genotipe peka Kalimutu pada kondisi 9 hari naungan.
5. Penurunan ketebalangradasi pita protein kloroplas terjadi pada bobot
molekul 64 kDa yang dikenal sebagai polyfenol oksidase, 55 kDa sebagai enzim Rubisco sub unit besar Rubisco-L dikode oleh gen rbc L, protein
membran ekstrinsik 33 kDa dikode gen psb O dan 18 kDa dikode gen psb Q dan pada membran tilakoid terjadi pada bobot molekul 31 kDa dikode
gen psb A, 23 kDa dikode gen psb Q dan protein 20 kDa merupakan produk gen Lhcb6 dikenal sebagai protein CP 24 yaitu kompleks protein-
89
pigmen pemanen cahaya pada fotosistem II LHC-II-b dalam membran
tilakoid. 6. Peningkatan konsentrasi total nitrogen daun, N terlarut lebih rendah,
protein kloroplas dan protein membran tilakoid yang lebih tinggi serta penurunangradasi ketebalan pita protein pada kloroplas dan membran
tilakoid diindikasi sebagai regulator fisiologis yang terkait dengan
mekanisme adaptasi fisiologis genotipe toleran terhadap naungan. SARAN
Kloroplas dan membran tilakoid merupakan organ yang sangat penting dalam merespon kondisi lingkungan cahaya yang rendah, dan sebagian besar
komponen protein fotosintetik yang terlibat di dalam proses fotosintesis berada dalam membran ini. Untuk itu perlu penelitian lanjutan ke arah pola ekspresi
gen-gen fotosintetik yang memiliki daya adaptasi terhadap kondisi naungan. Kompleks protein yang paling responsif terhadap kondisi cahaya rendah
adalah kompleks protein pigmen pemanen-cahaya LHC II fotosistem II PS II, sehingga perlu mempelajari lebih dalam tentang protein-pigmen yang berada
pada fotosistem II maupun fotosistem I. Penelitian ke arah ini, akan lebih berpeluang untuk menjawab mekanisme aklimatisasi tanaman terhadap
lingkungan cahaya rendah naungan.
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Lampiran 1. Analisis ragam respon genotipe padi gogo terhadap naungan paranet pada karakter agronomi dan fisiologi
F Hitung
Peubah
Naungan Galur
N X G KK
R 2
Karakter Agronomi
Tinggi Tanaman 57.30
189.66 26.27
2.16 0.99
Jumlah Anakan Max. 825.46
100.70 13.94
8.22 0.98
Jumlah Anakan Prod. 274.33
46.41 5.68
9.91 0.94
Umur Berbunga 2.95 ns
386.74 8.37
1.20 0.98
Umur Panen 1.20 ns
286.78 7.09
1.02 0.98
Panjang Malai .97 ns
25.02 2.00
5.24 0.82
Jumlah GabahMalai 5.11
860.04 12.90
2.04 0.99
Persen Gabah Hampa 513.22
129.64 37.84
6.58 0.98
Bobot 1000 Butir 1.98 ns
291.18 4.13
2.13 0.98
BG Kering Giling 659.60
195.44 13.08
5.28 0.98
Karakter Fisiologi Fase Vegetatif
N - Total 57.30 ns
189.66 0.16 ns
3.69 0.99
N - Larut 2.20 ns
0.02 ns 0.89 ns
7.43 0.95
N - Protein Larut 3.14 ns
0.01ns 0.57 ns
54.36 0.69 N - Tidak Larut
81.04 ns 235.72
0.04 ns 3.74
0.99 N - Larut TCA
1.86 ns 235.72 ns
0.04 ns 7.07
0.93 Prot.Total Crude
332.38 2.00 ns
163.11 0.55
0.99 Prot.Total Purifikasi
3.03 ns 4.95 ns
0.30 ns 18.13 0.81
Protein Tilakoid 0.50 ns
21.28 12.22 ns 14.21 0.98
105
Lanjutan Lampiran 1.
Fase pengisian Biji
N - Total 93.61 ns
136.32 67.67
3.65 0.99
N - Larut 58.19
0.57 ns 0.48 ns
6.98 0.96
N - Protein Larut 1.11 ns
1.42 ns 0.07 ns
33.21 0.72
N - Tidak Larut 99.81 ns
135.20 67.46
3.98 0.99
N - Larut TCA 94.50 ns
3.19 ns 1.20 ns
5.88 0.97
Prot.Total Crude 5.29 ns
3.87 ns 0.60 ns
12.56 0.92
Prot.Total Purifikasi 0.39 ns
0.53 ns 0.17 ns
33.79 0.79
Protein Tilakoid 49.55
36.48 35.39 ns
7.82 0.99
Uji Cepat Short Term
N - Total 18.55 ns
6.04 ns 2.03 ns
5.66 0.96
N - Larut 0.15 ns
1.15 ns 0.40 ns
16.84 0.71
N - Protein Larut 50.19
20.68 13.321
44.29 0.97
N - Tidak Larut 1.23 ns
6.69 ns 2.25 ns
5.82 0.96
N - Larut TCA 0.15 ns
3.04 ns 1.39 ns
19.15 0.77
Protein Tilakoid 89.83
13.35 2.01 ns
11.71 0.99
106
Lampiran 2. Tinggi tanaman genotipe padi gogo pada naungan paranet
Kelompok Genotipe Tingkat Naungan
Rerata 50
Uji Tukey : 1.27
TOLERAN - Cm -
JATILUHUR 107.33 120.67
112,43 114.00 106,21 TB177E-30-B-2 111.33
132.33 118,86 121.83 109,43
B9266F-PN-7-MR-2-PN-4 89.33 123.67 138,44 106.50 119,22 TB165E-TB-6 116.33
146.00 125,51 131.17 112,75
TB 13G-TB-2 94.00
120.33 128,01 107.17 114,01
B194F-MR-7 92.00 120.33
130,79 106.17 115,40 DODOKAN 116.00
127.33 109,77 121.67 104,88
ITA24719 95.67 113.33
118,46 104.50 109,23
Rata-rata Toleran 102.75
125.50 122,78 114.12 111,39 PEKA
KALIMUTU 138.67 131.00
94,47 134.84 97,23 IRAT 379
105.67 130.67
123,66 118.17
111,83 TB 154 E-TB-1
73.67 104.00 141,17 88.84 120,59
Rata-rata Peka 106.00
121.89 118,38 113.69 109,19 Rerata
106.24 124.86
115.53
Lampiran 3. Jumlah daun genotipe padi gogo pada naungan paranet Kelompok Genotipe
Tingkat Naungan Rerata
50 Uji Tukey : 1.16
TOLERAN - Helai -
JATILUHUR 121.00 47.00
38,84 84.00 69,42 TB177E-30-B-2 109.00
51.67 47,40 80.34 73,70
B9266F-PN-7-MR-2-PN-4 110.00 44.00 40,00
77.00 70,00 TB165E-TB-6 63.33
24.67 38,95 44.00 69,48
TB 13G-TB-2 103.00
39.00 37,86 71.00 68,93
B194F-MR-7 110.33 51.67
46,83 81.00 73,42 DODOKAN 126.00
52.33 41,53 89.17 70,77
ITA24719 95.00 45.67
48,07 70.34 74,04
Rata-rata Toleran 104.71
44.50 42,50 74.60 71,25
PEKA KALIMUTU 62.33
22.67 36,37 42.50 68,19
IRAT 379 104.33
30.00 28,75 67.17 64,38
TB 154 E-TB-1 125.00
74.33 59,46 99.67
79,73
Rata-rata Peka 97.22
42.33 43,54 69.78
71,77 Rerata 100.85
43.57 73.12