Penurunan ketebalangradasi pita protein kloroplas terjadi pada bobot

SIMPULAN DAN SARAN 1. Tanaman padi gogo yang ternaung mengalami perubahan karakter agronomi dan morfo-fisiologi. Perubahan pada padi gogo genotipe toleran lebih kecil dibanding genotipe peka yang menyebabkan produksi padi gogo genotipe toleran jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan genotipe peka dan karakter agronomi yang menjadi karakter penentu produksi relatif padi gogo toleran naungan adalah jumlah gabah per malai, persentase gabah hampa dan jumlah anakan produktif . 2. Toleransi yang tinggi pada genotipe toleran naungan direfleksikan oleh tanaman yang memiliki karakter bobot gabah kering yang tinggi, jumlah anakan maksimum tinggi dan persentase kehampaan yang lebih rendah. Berdasarkan karakter agronomi, TB 177 E-28-B-3 nomor galur 2 adalah galur yang tidak konsisten toleran sementara galur yang memiliki konsistensi toleransi yang tinggi pada naungan 50 ditunjukkan oleh Jatiluhur nomor galur 1, B 9266 -PN -7-MR-2-PN-4 nomor galur 6, TB 165 E-TB - 6 nomor galur 7, TB 13 G -TB - 2 nomor galur 8, B 149 F- MR-7 nomor galur 9, Dodokan nomor galur 10 dan ITA 247 nomor galur 11. 3. Adaptasi yang tinggi terhadap naungan ditunjukkan genotipe toleran Jatiluhur yang direfleksikan oleh konsentrasi total nitrogen daun meningkat lebih besar, N terlarut menurun lebih rendah, protein kloroplas dan protein membran tilakoid lebih tinggi dibandingkan genotipe peka Kalimutu pada fase vegetatif aktif dan pengisian biji. 4. Penurunan konsentrasi total nitrogen daun, nitrogen terlarut dan protein membran tilakoid pada uji cepat lebih besar ditunjukkan oleh genotipe peka Kalimutu pada kondisi 9 hari naungan.

5. Penurunan ketebalangradasi pita protein kloroplas terjadi pada bobot

molekul 64 kDa yang dikenal sebagai polyfenol oksidase, 55 kDa sebagai enzim Rubisco sub unit besar Rubisco-L dikode oleh gen rbc L, protein membran ekstrinsik 33 kDa dikode gen psb O dan 18 kDa dikode gen psb Q dan pada membran tilakoid terjadi pada bobot molekul 31 kDa dikode gen psb A, 23 kDa dikode gen psb Q dan protein 20 kDa merupakan produk gen Lhcb6 dikenal sebagai protein CP 24 yaitu kompleks protein- 89 pigmen pemanen cahaya pada fotosistem II LHC-II-b dalam membran tilakoid. 6. Peningkatan konsentrasi total nitrogen daun, N terlarut lebih rendah, protein kloroplas dan protein membran tilakoid yang lebih tinggi serta penurunangradasi ketebalan pita protein pada kloroplas dan membran tilakoid diindikasi sebagai regulator fisiologis yang terkait dengan mekanisme adaptasi fisiologis genotipe toleran terhadap naungan. SARAN Kloroplas dan membran tilakoid merupakan organ yang sangat penting dalam merespon kondisi lingkungan cahaya yang rendah, dan sebagian besar komponen protein fotosintetik yang terlibat di dalam proses fotosintesis berada dalam membran ini. Untuk itu perlu penelitian lanjutan ke arah pola ekspresi gen-gen fotosintetik yang memiliki daya adaptasi terhadap kondisi naungan. Kompleks protein yang paling responsif terhadap kondisi cahaya rendah adalah kompleks protein pigmen pemanen-cahaya LHC II fotosistem II PS II, sehingga perlu mempelajari lebih dalam tentang protein-pigmen yang berada pada fotosistem II maupun fotosistem I. Penelitian ke arah ini, akan lebih berpeluang untuk menjawab mekanisme aklimatisasi tanaman terhadap lingkungan cahaya rendah naungan. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Allen JF, Pfannschmidt T. 2000. Balancing the two photosystems: photosynthesis elctron transfer governs transcription of the reaction centre genes in cloroplasts. J Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 355: 1351-1359. 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Analisis ragam respon genotipe padi gogo terhadap naungan paranet pada karakter agronomi dan fisiologi F Hitung Peubah Naungan Galur N X G KK R 2 Karakter Agronomi Tinggi Tanaman 57.30 189.66 26.27 2.16 0.99 Jumlah Anakan Max. 825.46 100.70 13.94 8.22 0.98 Jumlah Anakan Prod. 274.33 46.41 5.68 9.91 0.94 Umur Berbunga 2.95 ns 386.74 8.37 1.20 0.98 Umur Panen 1.20 ns 286.78 7.09 1.02 0.98 Panjang Malai .97 ns 25.02 2.00 5.24 0.82 Jumlah GabahMalai 5.11 860.04 12.90 2.04 0.99 Persen Gabah Hampa 513.22 129.64 37.84 6.58 0.98 Bobot 1000 Butir 1.98 ns 291.18 4.13 2.13 0.98 BG Kering Giling 659.60 195.44 13.08 5.28 0.98 Karakter Fisiologi Fase Vegetatif N - Total 57.30 ns 189.66 0.16 ns 3.69 0.99 N - Larut 2.20 ns 0.02 ns 0.89 ns 7.43 0.95 N - Protein Larut 3.14 ns 0.01ns 0.57 ns 54.36 0.69 N - Tidak Larut 81.04 ns 235.72 0.04 ns 3.74 0.99 N - Larut TCA 1.86 ns 235.72 ns 0.04 ns 7.07 0.93 Prot.Total Crude 332.38 2.00 ns 163.11 0.55 0.99 Prot.Total Purifikasi 3.03 ns 4.95 ns 0.30 ns 18.13 0.81 Protein Tilakoid 0.50 ns 21.28 12.22 ns 14.21 0.98 105 Lanjutan Lampiran 1. Fase pengisian Biji N - Total 93.61 ns 136.32 67.67 3.65 0.99 N - Larut 58.19 0.57 ns 0.48 ns 6.98 0.96 N - Protein Larut 1.11 ns 1.42 ns 0.07 ns 33.21 0.72 N - Tidak Larut 99.81 ns 135.20 67.46 3.98 0.99 N - Larut TCA 94.50 ns 3.19 ns 1.20 ns 5.88 0.97 Prot.Total Crude 5.29 ns 3.87 ns 0.60 ns 12.56 0.92 Prot.Total Purifikasi 0.39 ns 0.53 ns 0.17 ns 33.79 0.79 Protein Tilakoid 49.55 36.48 35.39 ns 7.82 0.99 Uji Cepat Short Term N - Total 18.55 ns 6.04 ns 2.03 ns 5.66 0.96 N - Larut 0.15 ns 1.15 ns 0.40 ns 16.84 0.71 N - Protein Larut 50.19 20.68 13.321 44.29 0.97 N - Tidak Larut 1.23 ns 6.69 ns 2.25 ns 5.82 0.96 N - Larut TCA 0.15 ns 3.04 ns 1.39 ns 19.15 0.77 Protein Tilakoid 89.83 13.35 2.01 ns 11.71 0.99 106 Lampiran 2. Tinggi tanaman genotipe padi gogo pada naungan paranet Kelompok Genotipe Tingkat Naungan Rerata 50 Uji Tukey : 1.27 TOLERAN - Cm - JATILUHUR 107.33 120.67 112,43 114.00 106,21 TB177E-30-B-2 111.33 132.33 118,86 121.83 109,43 B9266F-PN-7-MR-2-PN-4 89.33 123.67 138,44 106.50 119,22 TB165E-TB-6 116.33 146.00 125,51 131.17 112,75 TB 13G-TB-2 94.00 120.33 128,01 107.17 114,01 B194F-MR-7 92.00 120.33 130,79 106.17 115,40 DODOKAN 116.00 127.33 109,77 121.67 104,88 ITA24719 95.67 113.33 118,46 104.50 109,23 Rata-rata Toleran 102.75 125.50 122,78 114.12 111,39 PEKA KALIMUTU 138.67 131.00 94,47 134.84 97,23 IRAT 379 105.67 130.67 123,66 118.17 111,83 TB 154 E-TB-1 73.67 104.00 141,17 88.84 120,59 Rata-rata Peka 106.00 121.89 118,38 113.69 109,19 Rerata 106.24 124.86 115.53 Lampiran 3. Jumlah daun genotipe padi gogo pada naungan paranet Kelompok Genotipe Tingkat Naungan Rerata 50 Uji Tukey : 1.16 TOLERAN - Helai - JATILUHUR 121.00 47.00 38,84 84.00 69,42 TB177E-30-B-2 109.00 51.67 47,40 80.34 73,70 B9266F-PN-7-MR-2-PN-4 110.00 44.00 40,00 77.00 70,00 TB165E-TB-6 63.33 24.67 38,95 44.00 69,48 TB 13G-TB-2 103.00 39.00 37,86 71.00 68,93 B194F-MR-7 110.33 51.67 46,83 81.00 73,42 DODOKAN 126.00 52.33 41,53 89.17 70,77 ITA24719 95.00 45.67 48,07 70.34 74,04 Rata-rata Toleran 104.71

44.50 42,50 74.60 71,25

PEKA KALIMUTU 62.33 22.67 36,37 42.50 68,19 IRAT 379 104.33 30.00 28,75 67.17 64,38 TB 154 E-TB-1 125.00 74.33 59,46 99.67 79,73 Rata-rata Peka 97.22

42.33 43,54 69.78

71,77 Rerata 100.85

43.57 73.12