Novel is longer at the least 40.000 words and complex than short story, it is not limited by limitedness of structural. Commonly, a novel talks about
characters and attitudes in their life activity by stressing in sides of strange from the story.
15
And also has been pressed in dictionary of the American college, Novel is a story fiction with long story of prose describing of characters, movement and real life
which representative in condition crowded.
16
The word of fiction itself is from Latin Language fictio, it means to form, to create, to organize, to create.
17
So, the writer can analogize that novel is a fiction story that concisely forms and creates something that has been imagined by characters or a movement with real
life which has been represented in plot in the form of writing until it becomes a novel. In this era of globalization, novel which has increased rapidly has become the most
interesting industry that takes the creative human’s intention to spill their abilities and to describe their creation by creating a novel or making other literary works which
has some benefits in business world. 2.
The Element of Novel
a. Setting
All stories, like all individuals, are embedded in a context or setting - a time
and place. The time can be contemporary or historical or even mythically vague. It can be very limited, only a few minutes elapsing or some years. The place can
be rather fixed and interior or varied. It can be foreign or American to tie to region or a locale.
18
15
http:id.wikipedia.org.wikiNovel accessed on October 11, 2008
16
Ibid. P. 164
17
Ibid. P. 120
18
Jerome Beaty, et al., The Norton Introduction To Literature New York: W.W Norton and Company, 1973, P.157
The setting of work of fiction establishes its historical, geographical, and physical environment. Setting, however, means more than just the approximate time and place
in which the work is set: setting also encompasses a wide variety of physical and cultural features. Historical context establishes social, cultural, economic, and
political environment. A story of geographical context can also help readers to understand characters’ behavior. The important thing is that character and plot are so
closely interrelating as to be ultimately indistinguishable, so are a character, a plot, and a setting. Their relationships can not be separated.
b. Plot
Plot
simply means the arrangement of the action, an imagined event or a
series of such events. The first part of the action called the exposition, introduces the characters, situation, and usually time and place. The second part of the plot,
the rising action: events that complicate the situation and intensify or complicate the conflict or introduce new ones. The turning point or climax of the action is
the third part of the story, the appearance of the character. From this point on the complications that grew in the first part of the story. The fourth part of the story,
the reverse movement or falling action. The story ends at the fifth part the conclusion: the point at which the situation that was destabilized at the beginning
of the story becomes stable once more.
19
The reader’s interest and involvement in a story are heightened by its conflict. Action usually involves conflict. Work of plot explores one or more conflict and
moves the story from exposition to resolution. The writers commonly use established techniques like flashbacks and foreshadowing to vary chronological order.
19
Ibid. P. 15
A flashback is moving out of sequence to examine an event or situation that occurs before the time in which the action of the story takes place. Foreshadowing is
the presentation in a story of early situations. Characters or objects seem to have no special importance, but that in fact are later revealed to have great significances.
c. Point of View
The mediation involves both the angle vision the point from which the people, events, and other detail are viewed and the words in which story is
embodied. The viewing aspect is called the focus, and the verbal aspect the voice. Both are generally lumped together in the term point of view. The teller
of a story or novel-the voice that speaks all the words read in it is called the narrator.
20
All works of fiction are told or narrated by someone, and one of the first choices that writers make is who tells the story. This choice determines the story’s
point of view the angle or vantage point from which events are presented or described. Point of view is the position from which the details of the work are
reported or described.
21
When deciding a point of view for fiction, the writer can choose to tell the story in the first person or in the third person.
1. First-Person Narrator
In this situation the narrator is a character who uses the first person I or sometimes we to tell the story. This character may be a major character telling his or
20
Jerome Beaty, et al., The Norton Introduction To Literature New York: W.W Norton and Company, 1973, P.66
21
Judith A. Stanford, RESPONDING to LITERATURE Stories, Poems, plays, and Essay New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1992, P.39
