Characteristic An analysis of neorosis syndrome reactions in Mariam's character in the novel of A Thousand splendid suns by Khaled Hosseni

being the narrator, he is character; someone who acts, appears, or is referred to as playing a part in a literary work. 8 In literary work story, there is a representation of humankind who has a role in the story. He or she is called actor or character. A character or actor usually refers to somebody who has a duty to carry out as role in the story. The relationship between plot and character is a vital and necessary one. Without character there would be no plot and, hence, no story. 9 The character is an actor appears in fiction work. 10 For most readers of fiction the primary attraction lays in the characters, in the endlessly fascinating collection of men and women whose experiences and adventures in life form the basis of the plots of the novels and stories in which they appear. A character is divided into two: Main and minor character. 1. Main Character The major or main character of the plot is the protagonist; his opponent, the character against whom protagonist struggle or contends is the antagonist. The protagonist usually easy enough to identify; he or she is the essential character without whom there would be no plot in the first place. It is the protagonist’s fate the conflict or problem being wrestled with on which the attention of the reader is focused. 11 2. Minor Character The character which appears only few times and takes the short portion is called minor character as he or she usually is flat character often are 8 Ibid. P.102 9 James H.Pickering and Jeffrey D.Hoeper, Concise Companion to literature New York: Macmillan,1981, P.23 10 http:en.wikipedia.orgWIKIFictional_characterNames_of_characters accessed on October 25, 2008 11 Jerome Beaty, et al., The Norton Introduction To Literature New York: W.W Norton and Company, 1973, P. 24 convenient devices to draw out and help us to understand the personalities of characters who are more fully realized. 12 The writer concludes that the main character has a big part in the story. He or she always develops the story and almost appears on the text. He or she is also an important role in a story and becomes a central attention in novel. The protagonist is the main character of the novel, the one who deals with truth and being conflicted by other characters. The opponent of protagonist is known as the antagonist or in the event that opposing force is not person. He or she forces the antagonist character and often gives any trouble or even conflict to the protagonist character.

C. Novel

1. The Understanding of Novel Literary work is an application of feeling and language toward real life and one of literary work form is a novel. The novel has long been the favorite of both writers and readers. For more than two hundreds years, only the lyric poem has rivaled the novel in attracting outstanding practitioners. A novel is book-length story in prose, whose author tries to create the sense that, while we read, we experience actual life. 13 The word of novel is from word Latin novellus novies it means “New” said new, because if compare with other literature such as poetry, drama, etc. So the kind of thus novel disappear later. 14 12 James H.Pickering and Jeffrey D. Hoeper, Concise Companion to Literature New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1981, P. 26 13 X.J Kennedy, Literature An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1966, P. 231 14 Henry Guntur Tarigan, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Sastra Bandung: Angkasa, 1985, P. 164 Novel is longer at the least 40.000 words and complex than short story, it is not limited by limitedness of structural. Commonly, a novel talks about characters and attitudes in their life activity by stressing in sides of strange from the story. 15 And also has been pressed in dictionary of the American college, Novel is a story fiction with long story of prose describing of characters, movement and real life which representative in condition crowded. 16 The word of fiction itself is from Latin Language fictio, it means to form, to create, to organize, to create. 17 So, the writer can analogize that novel is a fiction story that concisely forms and creates something that has been imagined by characters or a movement with real life which has been represented in plot in the form of writing until it becomes a novel. In this era of globalization, novel which has increased rapidly has become the most interesting industry that takes the creative human’s intention to spill their abilities and to describe their creation by creating a novel or making other literary works which has some benefits in business world. 2. The Element of Novel

a. Setting

All stories, like all individuals, are embedded in a context or setting - a time and place. The time can be contemporary or historical or even mythically vague. It can be very limited, only a few minutes elapsing or some years. The place can be rather fixed and interior or varied. It can be foreign or American to tie to region or a locale. 18 15 http:id.wikipedia.org.wikiNovel accessed on October 11, 2008 16 Ibid. P. 164 17 Ibid. P. 120 18 Jerome Beaty, et al., The Norton Introduction To Literature New York: W.W Norton and Company, 1973, P.157